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Trauma and Metabolic Syndrome
Trauma survivors are significantly more likely to have a number of serious illnesses and to die prematurely than are their nonabused counterparts. This includes increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, the precursor to type 2 disease. This entry describes three common sequelae of trauma—depression, hostility, and sleep disturbances—and how these sequelae increase the risk of heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes.
Depression
Depression is a common mood disorder among trauma survivors and is a risk factor for disease. Specifically, depression increases inflammation, which includes high levels of proinflammatory cyto-kines and acute-phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). Increased inflammation increases the risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Depression in early adulthood may actually promote vascular injury, and inflammation may increase further early-stage cardiovascular disease by encouraging ...
- Anthropology and Archaeology
- Anthropology and Trauma
- Anthropology and War
- Racial and Ethnic Factors
- Racial Variations in the Psychobiology of Trauma
- Resource Loss Among Adults, Groups, and Communities
- Resource Loss Among Children and Families
- Rituals and Ceremonies, Therapeutic Use of
- Role of Trauma in Ethnic and Cultural Identity
- War, Origins in Animals and Early Societies
- Wars for Symbols
- Wars in Civilized Societies
- Arts and Humanities
- Business and Economics
- Children and Families
- Abduction/Kidnapping
- African Women and Girls' Trauma
- Campus Violence
- Childhood and Adolescent Trauma: An Overview
- Childhood and Adolescent Trauma: Assessment and Treatment
- Childhood Trauma and the Juvenile Justice System
- Childhood Traumatic Stress
- Children of War
- Critical Illness in Children
- Dissociative Identity Disorder and Trauma
- Family and Couples Trauma and Treatment
- Family-Based Treatment for Child Traumatic Stress
- Genetic Epidemiology
- Incest
- Marital Rape
- Marriage and the Marital Relationship
- Military Families, Effects of Combat and Deployment on
- Parenting During and After Traumatic Events
- Perinatal Trauma
- Perinatal Trauma, Long-Term Consequences of
- Protective Factors in Childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Resilient Posttraumatic Adjustment in Childhood and Beyond
- Resource Loss Among Adults, Groups, and Communities
- Resource Loss Among Children and Families
- School Shootings
- Systemic Trauma Research
- Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma
- Crime and Law
- Abduction/Kidnapping
- Battered Women
- Blaming the Victim
- Campus Violence
- Childhood Trauma and the Juvenile Justice System
- Clergy, Sexual Abuse by
- Community Violence
- Comstock Act
- Correctional Officers and Trauma
- Crime Scene Investigation
- Criminal Behavior Consequent to War
- Date Rape/Acquaintance Rape
- Genocide
- Genocide in Non-Western Nations
- Genocide, Cambodia's Mass Casualty Trauma
- Hate Crimes
- Homicide and Trauma
- Human Trafficking
- Incarceration and Trauma
- Incest
- Law Enforcement Officers
- Lawsuits Against Behavioral Health Professionals
- Lawsuits Against Medical Professionals
- Male Rape
- Marital Rape
- Mass Violence
- Military Sexual Abuse
- Murder
- Perpetrators of Trauma
- Psychological Injury and Law
- Rapist Profiles
- School Shootings
- Secondary Trauma Among First Responders
- Secondary Trauma Among Judges, Jurors, Attorneys, and Courtroom Personnel
- Sexual Assault and Trauma
- Sexual Assault, Drug Facilitated
- Sexual Compulsion and Trauma
- Sexual Harassment of Women
- Sexual Predators
- Sexual Trauma, Causes of
- Slavery and Forced Servitude
- Social Learning Theory and Sexual Aggression
- Survival and Coping After Rape
- Terrorism, History of
- Trauma and Domestic Violence
- Wartime Rape
- Workplace Violence
- Crisis and Disaster
- Community Disasters
- Critical Incident Stress
- Debriefing
- Disaster Medicine
- Disaster Mortuary Services
- Disaster-Related Trauma
- Disasters, History of
- Early Interventions
- Emergency Care and Services
- First Responders and Trauma
- Humanitarian Missions
- Peacekeeping Missions
- Psychobiology of Crisis
- Psychological First Aid
- Psychological First Aid for Older Adults
- Psychospiritual Impact of Disaster
- Resilience and Hurricane Katrina
- Role of Media in Managing Disasters
- Culture and Ethnicity
- African American Culture and Trauma
- African Women and Girls' Trauma
- Cultural Aspects of Trauma
- Cultural Diversity in Trauma Response
- Culture and Cultural Beliefs
- Culture and Trauma
- Ethnicity, Culture, and Disaster Response
- Genocide
- Genocide in Non-Western Nations
- Genocide, Cambodia's Mass Casualty Trauma
- Nongovernmental Organizations, Governments, and Humanitarian Aid
- Race-Based Traumatic Stress
- Racial and Ethnic Factors
- Racial Variations in the Psychobiology of Trauma
- Racism-Induced Trauma
- Refugees
- Rituals and Ceremonies, Therapeutic Use of
- Role of Trauma in Ethnic and Cultural Identity
- Slavery and Forced Servitude
- Traumatization in the Name of Religion
- Death and Dying
- Ethics and Philosophy
- Assisted Suicide
- Boundaries and Boundary Violations
- Boundary Issues for Traumatologists
- Counterbalancing Stress
- Countertransference
- Ethical Dilemmas in Treatment of Trauma
- Ethics
- Humor and Trauma
- Philosophy and Ethics of Trauma Treatments
- Philosophy of Trauma
- Philosophy of Trauma Nursing
- Secondary Trauma Among Behavioral Health Professionals
- Secondary Trauma Among Chaplains
- Secondary Trauma Among First Responders
- Secondary Trauma Among Judges, Jurors, Attorneys, and Courtroom Personnel
- Secondary Trauma Among Medical Professionals
- Secondary Trauma Among Medics and Corpsmen
- Secondary Traumatic Stress
- Shame
- Trauma Caregivers
- Trauma Memories: Research and Ethics
- First Responders
- History
- Humanitarian Aid
- Internet, the Media, and Entertainment
- Medicine
- Abortion
- Alcohol and Trauma
- Assisted Suicide
- Brain and Trauma
- Combat Medics and Corpsmen
- Critical Illness in Children
- Disaster Medicine
- Lawsuits Against Medical Professionals
- Medical Marijuana and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Medical Trauma Research
- Pain
- Perinatal Trauma
- Perinatal Trauma, Long-Term Consequences of
- Pharmacotherapy
- Philosophy of Trauma Nursing
- Primary Care
- Psychopharmacology, Psychiatry, and Trauma
- Public Health
- Retraumatization
- Secondary Trauma Among Medical Professionals
- Sexual Assault, Drug Facilitated
- Somatic Complaints
- Trauma-Related Physical Symptoms and Illnesses
- Traumatized Nurses
- Traumatized Physicians
- Natural Sciences
- Biological Effects of Physical and Psychological Trauma
- Biological Mechanism of Traumatic Stress Response
- Biology and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Brain and Memory
- Brain and Trauma
- Encoding Trauma, Neurobiology of
- Genetic Epidemiology
- Hippocampus
- Limbic System
- Neurobiological Effects of Trauma
- Neurobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicide
- Psychobiology of Crisis
- Trauma and Metabolic Syndrome
- Trauma Resilience, Ecology of
- Traumatic Inventions and the Ethics of Scientific Discovery
- Traumatized Scientists
- Psychology and Psychiatry
- Acute Stress Disorder
- Biological Mechanism of Traumatic Stress Response
- Brain and Memory
- Burnout
- Clinical Trauma Psychology
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Cognitive Processing Therapy
- Cognitive Restructuring and Trauma
- Combat Stress Control
- Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Compassion Fatigue
- Complex Trauma
- Conservation of Resources Theory
- Counseling and Education About Trauma
- Counterbalancing Stress
- Countertransference
- Dissociation
- Dissociative Identity Disorder and Trauma
- Evidence-Based Practice
- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Theory and Research
- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Treatment
- Family and Couples Trauma and Treatment
- Family-Based Treatment for Child Traumatic Stress
- Fragility, Posttraumatic
- Iatrogenic Effects
- Lawsuits Against Behavioral Health Professionals
- Limbic System
- Marriage and the Marital Relationship
- Meditation
- Memory Work
- Military Psychology and Combat Stress Injuries
- Mowrer's Two-Factor Theory
- Pain
- Personality Disorders
- Pharmacotherapy
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Assessment and Systemic Treatment
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Comorbidity
- Primary Care
- Promoting Resilience in the Traumatized
- Protective Factors in Childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Psychological Injury and Law
- Psychological Responses to Trauma
- Psychological Trauma
- Psychological Trauma Research
- Psychoneuroimmunology and Trauma
- Psychopharmacology, Psychiatry, and Trauma
- Psychosensory Therapy
- Rape Counseling
- Rape Crisis Centers
- Rape Trauma Syndrome
- Recovery From Trauma
- Relapse Prevention and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Resilience
- Resilience Bolstering
- Resilience, Growth, and Thriving
- Retraumatization
- Secondary Trauma Among Behavioral Health Professionals
- Secondary Traumatic Stress
- Shame
- Social Learning Theory and Sexual Aggression
- Social Support and Trauma
- Somatic Complaints
- Stigma
- Stress Inoculation Training
- Suicide
- Survival and Coping After Rape
- Systemic Trauma Research
- Theories of Psychological Stress
- Trauma and Selfhood
- Trauma and Sexuality
- Trauma Assessment
- Trauma Education
- Trauma Prevention
- Trauma Psychology Research
- Trauma Triggers
- Trauma, Causes of
- Trauma, Identity, and the Workplace
- Trauma-Related Happiness and Pleasure
- Trauma-Related Physical Symptoms and Illnesses
- Traumatic Stress and Resilience
- Traumatic Stress Responses
- Traumatized Practitioners, Supervisors of
- Victim, Survivor, Thriver
- Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy
- Vulnerability, Posttraumatic
- Public Health
- Religion and Spirituality
- Clergy, Counseling by
- Clergy, Sexual Abuse by
- Combat Chaplains
- Cults and Sects
- Growth, Posttraumatic
- Meditation
- Posttraumatic Growth Among Asylum Seekers and Other Immigrants
- Psychospiritual Impact of Disaster
- Religious and Pastoral Responses to Trauma
- Religious Fundamentalism
- Secondary Trauma Among Chaplains
- Spiritual and Religious Growth
- Spiritual Intelligence and Posttraumatic Growth
- Traumatization in the Name of Religion
- Social Work
- Battered Women
- Bereavement
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Cognitive Processing Therapy
- Comstock Act
- Ethics
- Evidence-Based Practice
- Military Social Work and Combat Stress Management
- Social Support and Trauma
- Social Work With the Traumatized Homeless
- Theories of Psychological Stress
- Trauma and Domestic Violence
- Trauma and Homelessness
- Trauma and Social Work Practice
- Trauma Research, Social Work Contributions to
- Traumatized Practitioners, Supervisors of
- Sociology
- Traumatology and Trauma Recovery
- Acute Stress Disorder
- Additive Trauma
- Alcohol and Trauma
- Bearing Witness to Trauma
- Biology and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Clergy, Counseling by
- Clinical Trauma Psychology
- Cognitive Restructuring and Trauma
- Compassion Fatigue
- Complex Trauma
- Conspiracy of Silence
- Counseling and Education About Trauma
- Cultural Aspects of Trauma
- Cultural Diversity in Trauma Response
- Culture and Trauma
- Cumulative Trauma
- Dance and Trauma
- Despair, Posttraumatic
- Disaster-Related Trauma
- Early Interventions
- Encoding Trauma, Neurobiology of
- Ethical Dilemmas in Treatment of Trauma
- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Theory and Research
- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Treatment
- Fear, Posttraumatic
- Fragility, Posttraumatic
- Grief and Mourning
- Grief, Complicated
- Growth, Posttraumatic
- Hippocampus
- Homicide and Trauma
- Humor and Trauma
- Hypnosis in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Iatrogenic Effects
- Incarceration and Trauma
- Literary Expressions of Trauma
- Managing Trauma Symptoms
- Medical Marijuana and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Medical Trauma Research
- Military Trauma
- Neurobiological Effects of Trauma
- Neurobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicide
- Perpetrators of Trauma
- Philosophy and Ethics of Trauma Treatments
- Philosophy of Trauma
- Poetry and Trauma
- Posttraumatic Growth Among Asylum Seekers and Other Immigrants
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Assessment and Systemic Treatment
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Comorbidity
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, History of
- Prolonged Exposure
- Promoting Resilience in the Traumatized
- Psychological Responses to Trauma
- Psychological Trauma
- Psychological Trauma Research
- Psychoneuroimmunology and Trauma
- Psychosensory Therapy
- Rape Counseling
- Rape Crisis Centers
- Rape Trauma Syndrome
- Rapist Profiles
- Recovery From Trauma
- Relapse Prevention and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Resilience
- Resilience and Hurricane Katrina
- Resilience Bolstering
- Resilience, Growth, and Thriving
- Sanctuary Model
- Self-Regulation
- Sexual Compulsion and Trauma
- Sexual Harassment of Women
- Sexual Predators
- Sexual Trauma, Causes of
- Shared Trauma
- Silencing Response
- Stigma
- Suicide
- Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma
- Trauma and Autobiography
- Trauma and Homelessness
- Trauma and Metabolic Syndrome
- Trauma and Metaphor
- Trauma and Selfhood
- Trauma and Sexuality
- Trauma and Social Work Practice
- Trauma as Entertainment
- Trauma Assessment
- Trauma Caregivers
- Trauma Education
- Trauma Memories: Research and Ethics
- Trauma Prevention
- Trauma Psychology Research
- Trauma Survival Strategies
- Trauma Triggers
- Trauma, Causes of
- Trauma, Definitions of
- Trauma-Organized Systems
- Trauma-Related Happiness and Pleasure
- Traumatic Bereavement
- Traumatic Stress and Resilience
- Traumatic Stress Responses
- Traumatized Scientists
- Traumatology
- Vicarious Trauma
- Victim, Survivor, Thriver
- Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy
- Vulnerability, Posttraumatic
- War Crimes
- War and Combat
- Anthropology and War
- Children of War
- Combat Chaplains
- Combat Medics and Corpsmen
- Combat Mortuary Services
- Combat Stress Control
- Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Combat-Related Stress Injury: Theory, Research, and Management
- Criminal Behavior Consequent to War
- Death Notification in War
- Military Families, Effects of Combat and Deployment on
- Military Psychology and Combat Stress Injuries
- Military Sexual Abuse
- Military Social Work and Combat Stress Management
- Military Trauma
- Secondary Trauma Among Medics and Corpsmen
- War Crimes
- War, Origins in Animals and Early Societies
- Wars for Symbols
- Wars in Civilized Societies
- Wartime Rape
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