Cancer

A dearth of research exists exploring trans individuals’ experiences of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. As gender identity (GI) data are not included in many national data sets, such as the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute or cooperative groups, data regarding cancer prevalence, risks, and outcomes for trans people are significantly hampered. Limited, retrospective data among small cohorts suggest that trans people have higher rates of specific types of malignancies, including those associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomavirus (HPV), but no increased risk of other cancers overall. However, larger scale data are urgently needed so that any disparities in resources and cancer care accessibility that may affect cancer risks, treatment, and outcomes may be identified ...