Phenformin (Azucaps) Controversy

Phenformin (Azucaps) is an antidiabetic drug that is classified as a biguanide based on the presence of two guanidine groups in its molecular structure. It is generally employed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has been reported to be as effective as metformin, another biguanide antidiabetic drug. However, phenformin has been reported to be causative for fatal lactic acidosis, thus resulting in its removal from the U.S. market in 1977.

Phenformin was initially synthesized in 1957 as a biguanide reagent designated as a biguanide reagent later called dibotin (DBI) or phenformin. Another name often used for phenformin is phenethylbiguanide (PEBG). This white-colored crystalline substance is water soluble and can act as an ion in body fluids. The chemical is relatively stable and is ...