[Page 576]Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to doing research not on but with those most affected by the issues of interest. In the context of out-of-school time, this includes young people, parents, staff, and community members as potential coresearchers. Inclusive of both qualitative and quantitative methods, PAR is an approach to doing research informed by a set of commitments that value local knowledge and the democratization of expertise. PAR projects focus not only on knowledge production but also on action. The activism that emerges from these projects is data informed and makes sure that those most affected are involved in generating and enacting viable solutions. This entry discusses the historical development of PAR, the more recent practice of critical PAR (CPAR), youth participation ...