Norway is a constitutional hereditary monarchy in the northern–western part of Europe, established in 1814. It gained full independence in 1905, following 90 years of union with Sweden and, before that, 400 years under Danish rule. Consequently, Norway was comparatively late in establishing its own political institutions and media system; a shared cultural, linguistic, and political history with the other Scandinavian countries has resulted in their having largely similar political and media systems.

Table 1 Media Use in Norway, 1991–2016

Like Sweden and Denmark, Norway is a parliamentary, one-chamber multiparty system, has a strong welfare state, and scores consistently high on commonly used international indexes of income per capita, human development, democracy, and press freedom. The Norwegian population, more than 5 million in 2018, is still ...

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