Refugees are individuals who have been forced to leave their countries of residence to escape persecution, armed conflict, or other violence. The largest refugee movement since the end of the Second World War is underway, with more than 21 million refugees worldwide at the end of 2015. Former United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2015), António Guterres, has stated that “We are witnessing a paradigm change, an unchecked slide into an era in which the scale of global forced displacement as well as the response required is now clearly dwarfing anything seen before.” Of particular note, just over half (51%) of the refugees worldwide are children under the age of 18. An additional 46% are between the ages of 18 and 59, with only 3% ...

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