Discrimination Against LGBTQ People, Cost of

Discrimination can be understood as the denial of social participation based on prejudices. This includes negative treatment of and attitudes toward an individual or group based on their actual or perceived membership in a certain group or social category. Throughout history, discrimination has found a home wherever there is opportunity to highlight our differences such as sex, age, race, ethnicity, place of origin, social class, religious affiliation, employment, and level of education, among others. Sexual diversity is one such aspect of human diversity that has historically been fraught with prejudice and discrimination mainly grounded in religious and cultural values and beliefs. In this entry, using a social-determinants-of-health framework, the impact of discrimination based on sexual orientation and sexual identity is discussed from two perspectives: first, ...