Adults with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) parents are a diverse group. Many of these adults had LGBQ parents who came out in the context of a heterosexual relationship, while others were born to or adopted by one or more “already-out” LGBQ parents. Adults with LGBQ parents vary in regard to their social and demographic backgrounds such as their races and ethnicities and their sexual and gender identities, which may be the same as or different from their parents’.

Early research on this population primarily grew out of the need for social science research to investigate the effects of parental sexual orientation on children’s well-being to aid in family court custody decisions. As was typical in the 1970s and 1980s, when LGBQ parents came out ...