Syntactics is a branch of semiotics that deals with the formal properties of sign systems and the relationships of signs to one another. Semiotics, also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of signs and is concerned with everything that can be taken as a sign. According to Charles W. Morris, semiotics can be divided into three main branches, namely, (1) syntactics, (2) semantics, and (3) pragmatics. Syntactics concerns the relation among signs in formal structures, semantics deals with the relation between signs and the things to which they refer in the real world, and pragmatics is concerned with the relation between signs and sign-using agents. Each of these branches can be pure, [Page 781]descriptive, or applied. Pure semiotics elaborates a language to talk ...