The disability rights movement is often seen as taking shape alongside other civil rights movements that began in the 1960s, although the movement can be traced back to work in the early- to mid-20th century by key figures such as author and activist Helen Keller and social reformer Mary Switzer. The movement grew out of a history of oppression, isolation, degradation, and paternalism. What began as an awareness of the rights of those who were often marginalized and considered a burden on society has grown to include broad-based human rights concerns, including the rights of individuals with disabilities to employment, education, and cultural representation.

The disability rights movement has promoted the idea that prejudicial attitudes and exclusionary practices are far greater barriers to societal participation for ...