Cognition is a thinking process that permits an individual to organize and make sense of experience. Solving problems, analyzing complex tasks, and interpreting a statement or information are examples of cognitive processes. Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, such as problem solving, decision making, and remembering, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. There are numerous theories of cognitive development, with Jean Piaget’s theory being dominant, although there are new theories, many of which are information processing models of cognitive development. All theories conceptualize cognitive development as a process that advances over time for most individuals. Individuals who have developmental and/or intellectual disabilities generally follow the same trajectory of cognitive development but do not reach the same final result as unimpaired individuals, because there ...

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