Written Expression, Tests of

Tests of written expression refer to standardized, norm-referenced assessment measures of written language ability, or the ability to express one’s thoughts using letters or symbols. Written expression relies on several foundational skills and abilities, which formal tests of written expression appraise in various ways. For example, tests of written expression evaluate punctuation and spelling (i.e., orthographic standards in writing), syntax and grammar, and/or the ability to organize and express ideas or opinions effectively.

Given the various components and underlying processes of written expression, assessing this ability can be challenging. However, evaluating written expression skills can be important. For example, these skills are clearly essential to academic achievement during school years and are also required in many jobs and professions during adulthood. These tests are also significant ...