Visual spatial skills are defined as the capacity to understand and remember the spatial relations among objects in mental and physical spaces. They are necessary for a variety of basic functions, such as locating objects, guiding motor movements, and orienting in a new environment. Consequently, abnormalities in the development of visual spatial skills can result in a wide range of deficits across motor, social, and cognitive domains. This entry provides a brief overview of visual spatial skills and their development, neural basis, atypical functioning in Williams syndrome, and relation to academic achievement.