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Curriculum Versus Disciplines
The terms curriculum and discipline are closely related. The term curriculum refers to a plan prescribing what students will be taught, while the term discipline refers to an academic field or area of study. The two terms are related because curriculum may refer to a higher education institution’s entire course offerings, which are drawn from and structured by the disciplines, or to the plan of study within a particular discipline.
This entry provides an overview of curriculum and disciplines, focusing on the disciplines as a curricular foundation for major fields of study and examining the relationship of the curriculum to core general education. It then presents multidisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, and interdisciplinary elements that may appear in the university curriculum.
Defining Disciplines and Their Relationship to Curriculum
Discipline is a ...
- Analysis of Higher Education
- Education at a Glance
- Academic Capitalism
- Academic Capitalism, Conceptualizations of
- Academic Mobility and Migration
- Academic Writing
- Africa, Higher Education in
- Analysis of Curriculum and Pedagogies
- Analysis of Global Higher Education
- Australia, Higher Education in
- Bologna Process and European Higher Education Area
- Brazil, Evaluation of Higher Education in
- Canada, Higher Education in
- China, Higher Education in
- China, Higher Education Reform in
- Completion Agenda
- Comprehensive Internationalization of Higher Education Institutions
- Copyright
- Erasmus Mundus
- European Higher Education Area
- European Research Area
- European Union, Higher Education in
- France, Higher Education in
- Germany, Higher Education in
- Global University Rankings
- Higher Education Strategy
- Historical Analysis of Higher Education
- India, Higher Education in
- Institutional Analysis
- Iran, Higher Education in
- Israel, Higher Education in
- Japan, Higher Education in
- Key Performance Indicators
- Latin America, Higher Education in
- Legal Issues
- Middle East: Higher Education in the Arab Countries
- National Center for Education Statistics
- Netherlands, Higher Education in
- New Institutionalism in Higher Education
- New Models of Higher Education
- Nordic Countries, Higher Education in
- Open Access
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Philanthropic Foundations, U.S.
- Public Good of Higher Education
- Public Perceptions of Higher Education
- Research Excellence Framework
- Risk Management
- South African Higher Education Reform
- South Korea, Higher Education in
- Southeast Asia, Higher Education in
- Student Data Systems
- Student Mobility
- UNESCO
- United Kingdom, Higher Education in
- United States, Higher Education in
- University Rankings
- University–Community Partnerships
- USAID
- World Bank
- Appendix: Some Key Organizations Involved With Higher Education
- Academy of Social Sciences
- ACPA—College Student Educators International
- Alliance for Higher Education and Democracy
- American Educational Research Association
- American Psychological Association
- Association for the Study of Higher Education
- Association of Commonwealth Universities
- British Academy
- British Council
- British Sociological Association
- Brookings Institution
- Cara (the Council for At-Risk Academics)
- Consortium of Higher Education Researchers
- EAIR—The European Higher Education Society
- European Educational Research Association
- European Science Foundation
- European University Continuing Education Network
- Feminist and Women’s Studies Association
- Gender and Education Association
- Higher Education Policy Institute
- Higher Education Research Institute
- Institute of International Education
- Leadership Foundation for Higher Education
- Lumina Foundation
- NAFSA: Association of International Educators
- NASPA—Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education
- National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education
- National Student Clearinghouse
- Newton Fund
- Nuffield Foundation
- RAND Corporation
- Royal Institution
- Royal Society
- Society for Research into Higher Education
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
- UK Council for Graduate Education
- World Education Research Association
- Curriculum
- Academic Calendar
- Academic Plan
- Arts
- Associate Degrees
- Baccalaureate
- Biology
- Bologna Process: Curriculum
- Botany
- Capstone Projects
- Career Pathways
- Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
- Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate
- Certificates, Educational
- Co-Curricular Programs
- Creationism
- Credit for Experience
- Curriculum
- Curriculum Versus Disciplines
- Curriculum, History of
- Developmental Education
- Disciplines and Fields of Study
- Distance Education, History of
- Doctoral Degrees
- Dual Enrollment
- Economics
- Education, Study of
- Electives, U.S.
- English Language Training for International Faculty
- English Learners: Transition to Higher Education
- Ethnic Studies, U.S.: Curriculum
- Feminist and Women’s Studies
- Gender Studies
- General Education
- Geosciences
- Graduate Education: Curriculum
- Humanities
- Interdisciplinary Studies
- International Joint and Dual Degrees
- Internships and Co-Ops
- Leaving Certification
- Legal Education, U.S.
- Massive Open Online Courses
- Master’s Degrees
- Medical Education
- Meta-Majors
- Open Educational Resources
- Political Science
- Professional Degrees
- Professional Fields
- Psychosocial Studies
- Small Private Online Courses
- Social Policy and Social Sciences
- Social Work
- Sociology
- STEM
- STEM Ambassadors
- Student Transfer, Curriculum Articulation in
- Textbooks
- Transnational Higher Education
- Undergraduate Degrees
- Vocationalism
- Zoology
- Equity
- Brown v. Board of Education
- Fisher v. University of Texas
- Regents of University of California v. Bakke
- Aboriginal People
- Access and Accountability Outcomes
- Access Policies, U.S.
- Access to Higher Education
- Accommodation
- Affirmative Action
- African Americans in Higher Education
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Asian American Critical Race Studies
- Asian Americans in Higher Education
- Assimilation and Integration in Higher Education
- Black Feminist Thought
- Black Student Organizations
- Campus Climate, U.S.
- Campus Security, Safety, and Screening
- Caregiver Supports
- Centers Focused on Equity and Inclusion
- China, Higher Education Reform in
- Class Differences and Impact on Student Access and Outcomes
- Clery Act
- Crime Alerts: Racialization
- Critical Race Feminism
- Critical Race Research
- Critical Race Theory
- Critical Whiteness Studies
- Critically Reflective Teaching
- Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
- Culturally Responsive Leadership
- Disability and Ability, U.S.
- Diversity Committees, U.S.
- Diversity Discourses, U.S.
- DREAM Act
- English Learners: Transition to Higher Education
- Environmental Justice
- Equity
- Ethnic Studies, U.S.: Curriculum
- Ethnicity in Higher Education
- Faculty of Color
- Family-Friendly Policies
- Feminism
- Feminist Analysis
- Feminist and Women’s Studies
- Feminist Leadership
- Feminist Policy Analysis
- Feminist Research
- Feminist Teaching
- First-Generation College Students
- Formerly Incarcerated People in Higher Education
- Gender and Leadership
- Gender Equality Policy
- Gender Equality Policy: Austria, Germany, and Switzerland
- Gender Equity
- Gender Equity Policy: Africa
- Gender Equity Policy: New Zealand and Australia
- Gender Equity Policy: United Nations
- Gender Equity Policy: United States
- Gender Expression
- Gender Identity
- Gender in Higher Education
- Gender Studies
- Gender, Influence on Teaching
- Gender: Law Reform and Feminist Politics
- Global University Rankings
- Higher Education and Social Mobility
- Hispanic-Serving Institutions
- Historically Black Colleges and Universities
- Immigration and Higher Education
- Inclusion in Higher Education
- Initiatives to Widen Access and Participation
- Intercultural Competence
- Intercultural Competence Development
- International Faculty
- Intersectionality
- Islamic Critical Theory
- Latina/o Critical Race Theory
- Latinas/os in Higher Education
- Leadership in Support of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
- LGBT Centers
- Low-Income Students
- Microaggressions
- Minority Students
- Minority Students in Australia
- Minority Students in Brazil
- Minority Students in the United Kingdom
- Multiculturalism
- Native Americans in Higher Education
- Pacific Islanders in Higher Education, U.S.
- Persons With Disabilities: Personnel
- Persons With Disabilities: Students
- Poverty and Student Access to Higher Education
- Power
- Race in Higher Education
- Race in U.S. Higher Education Leadership
- Race, Influence on Teaching
- Racial Violence and Stress in U.S. Higher Education
- Racism and Decolonizing Higher Education
- Regionalism in Higher Education
- Religion and Spirituality
- Restorative Justice
- Salary Equity, U.S.
- Sexual Harassment and Assault
- Sexual Orientation and Sexuality
- Social Class and Student Experiences
- South African Higher Education Reform
- Title IX
- Title VII
- Transgender People in Higher Education
- Tribal Colleges and Universities
- Underrepresented Populations in U.S. Higher Education, Support for
- Undocumented Students
- Universal Design for Learning
- University Rankings
- Women in STEM
- Women in STEM, U.S.
- Women Leaders: Moving the Needle
- Women’s Centers
- Women’s Colleges and Universities
- Women’s Issues
- Governance
- Academic Boards
- Boards of Trustees, Systems
- Community College Governing Boards
- Department of Education, U.S.
- Faculty Governance
- Faculty Unions
- Governance of Higher Education
- Higher Education Governance Systems
- Higher Education Governance Systems: Middle East
- Higher Education Governing Boards: Oversight and Accountability
- Higher Education Governing Boards: Student Board Members
- Higher Education Institution Governance: Accountability
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards and Shared Governance
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards, Culture of
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Appointed Board Members
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Difference of Role Across Institution Type
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Effective Trustee Governance
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Evaluation of Institutional Risk
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Mission and Vision
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Presidential Appointment Process
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Rogue Members
- Higher Education Institution Governing Boards: Training of Members
- Organizational Operations and Governance
- Private University Governing Boards
- Religiously Affiliated Institutions, U.S.
- Shared Governance
- State-Level Governance, U.S.
- Student Governance
- Student Unions
- Impact
- Access and Accountability Outcomes
- Accommodation
- Admissions
- Alumni Associations
- Class Differences and Impact on Student Access and Outcomes
- Economic Impact of Higher Education
- Effects of College on Students
- Employer Skills Needs
- Human Capital
- Impact of Higher Education
- International Relations and Higher Education
- Labor Market Outcomes
- Learning Outcomes: Typologies
- Neoliberalism and Higher Education
- New Public Management
- Public Understanding of Science
- Student Choice of Higher Education
- Student Debt
- Student Learning Outcomes
- Student Learning Outcomes Assessment
- Town–Gown Relations
- Value for Money
- Institutional Organization
- Academic Culture
- Academic Structure
- Accreditation
- Athletic Administration
- Athletics: Student–Athletes
- Branding of Higher Education Institutions
- Campus Climate, U.S.
- Campus Life, U.S.
- Campus Security, Safety, and Screening
- Class Size
- Clery Act
- Confucius Institutes
- Continuing Education: Organizational Structure
- Cooperative Extension
- Curriculum Versus Disciplines
- Enculturation and Socialization of New Faculty and Staff
- Endowments
- Ethics Review Teams
- Graduate Education: Organization
- Grant Funding
- Higher Education Department Structures: China
- Higher Education Department Structures: Norway
- Higher Education Finance
- Housing and Residential Life
- Institution Type
- Institutional Advancement and Development
- Libraries
- Marketing Higher Education
- Organizational Structure
- Organizational Structure, Models of
- Orientation
- Outreach
- Outsourcing, U.S.
- Performance-Based Funding
- Performance-Based Funding, U.S.
- Professional Bureaucracy
- Protection of Human Subjects
- Publish or Perish
- Quality Assurance and Control
- Research Ethics: Conduct and Misconduct
- Roles and Functions of Universities
- Selectivity of Higher Education Institutions, U.S.
- Social Media
- Student Services
- Student Services, U.S.
- Tertiary Education: Teaching and Learning
- Underrepresented Populations in U.S. Higher Education, Support for
- University Presses
- Workforce Development
- Leadership
- Academic Administration, U.S.
- Academic Leadership
- Administrative Leadership
- Ambiguity of Leadership
- Chair Leadership
- Chief Executive Leadership Competencies, U.S.
- Collaborative Leadership
- Community Colleges, Leadership of
- Conflict in Organizations
- Dean Leadership
- Decision-Making
- Distributed Leadership
- Enhancing Leadership Learning
- Ethics and Leadership
- Faculty Leadership
- Followership
- Gender and Leadership
- Grassroots Leadership
- Individual Leaders
- Intellectual Leadership
- Leadership and Change
- Leadership Development, U.S.
- Leadership in Higher Education
- Leadership in Support of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
- Leadership Research, Periods of
- Leadership Roles
- Leadership Style
- Leadership Theory Over Time
- Leadership Versus Management
- Leadership, Management, and Governance
- Leading From the Middle
- Leading in Cross-Cultural Contexts
- Liberal Arts Colleges, Leadership of
- Organizational Communication
- Participatory Leadership
- Race in U.S. Higher Education Leadership
- Research Universities, Leadership of
- Servant Leadership
- Social Construction and Leadership
- Special Mission Colleges, Leadership of
- Team Leadership
- Transformational Leadership
- Universities, Leadership of
- Personnel
- Academic Administration, U.S.
- Academic Freedom
- Academic Mobility and Migration
- Academic Profession
- Academic Staff
- Academic Workforce and Precarity
- Administrative and Support Staff Unions, U.S.
- Chief Executive Leadership Competencies, U.S.
- Collegiality
- Conferences
- Contingent Faculty
- Enculturation and Socialization of New Faculty and Staff
- Faculty of Color
- Faculty Unions
- Faculty, Rights and Responsibilities of
- Fulbright Program
- Graduate Student Unions
- Higher Education Institution Personnel: Administrative Staff
- Higher Education Institution Personnel: Faculty Evaluation, U.S.
- Human Resources Policies in Higher Education
- International Faculty
- Mental Health Personnel
- Mentoring
- New Faculty
- Nobel Prizes
- Personnel Policies
- Professionalization
- Professoriate
- Public Intellectual
- Residential Education Staff
- Retirement and Link to Emeritus/a Status
- Salary Equity, U.S.
- Staff Development
- Talent Development
- Tenure, Rank, and Promotion
- Threats to Scholars
- University and Academic Administration, UK
- Policy
- Browne Report (2010, England)
- Campaign for the Public University, UK
- Common Core State Standards
- Dearing Report (1997, UK)
- Hazing: Abusive Initiations
- Higher Education Funding: Policies
- Human Resources Policies in Higher Education
- Institutional Research
- Institutional Research Data Systems
- Key Institutional Policies
- Key State Policies
- Performance-Based Funding
- Performance-Based Funding, U.S.
- Policy and Policy Processes in Higher Education
- Public Funding for Higher Education
- Research Policy
- Robbins Report (1963, Great Britain)
- State Articulation Agreements, U.S.
- State Funding for Higher Education, U.S.
- Tuition
- Tuition Discounting, U.S.
- United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
- Workplace Bullying
- Students
- Athletics: Student–Athletes
- Civic Engagement
- College Choice
- Doctoral Student Socialization
- Effects of College on Students
- First-Generation College Students
- First-Year Experience
- Fraternity and Sorority Life
- Graduate Student Socialization
- Graduate Student Unions
- Helicopter Parenting
- Intercollegiate Athletics in Higher Education
- Intercollegiate Athletics: Impacts on Student–Athletes
- International Student Mobility Programs
- Internationalization and International Students
- Mature Students, Women as
- Mentoring
- Minority Students
- Minority Students in Australia
- Minority Students in Brazil
- Minority Students in the United Kingdom
- Parent Involvement in Postsecondary Choices and Higher Education Experience
- Second-Year Experience
- Sponsored International Students
- Student Activism and Organizations
- Student Development Theory
- Student Engagement
- Student Experience Surveys, UK
- Student Governance
- Student Government
- Student Life and Activities
- Student Mobility
- Student Movements: Latin America
- Student Organizations: Africa
- Student Organizations: Europe
- Student Power
- Student Retention, U.S.
- Student Union Facilities
- Student Unions
- Student Well-Being
- Student–Athletes
- Students
- System Design
- American Educational Research Association
- Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes Feasibility Study
- Association for the Study of Higher Education
- British Sociological Association
- Budgeting Processes in Higher Education Institutions
- Carnegie Classification
- Community Colleges
- EAIR—The European Higher Education Society
- Elite Universities
- English as Language of Teaching and Research
- Enrollment Targets and Management
- European Educational Research Association
- Faith-Based Institutions
- Feminist and Women’s Studies Association
- For-Profit Colleges and Universities
- Fundraising and Friendraising
- Further Education Colleges: UK and Ireland
- Further Education: Germany
- Further Education: Organizational Structure
- Further Education: United Kingdom
- Gender and Education Association
- GI Bill
- Globalization
- Group of Eight
- Growth of Higher Education Systems
- Higher Education Authority: Ireland
- Higher Education Institutions, Mergers of
- Hispanic-Serving Institutions
- Historically Black Colleges and Universities
- Institution Type
- International Branch Campuses
- Internationalization and International Students
- Internationalization at Home
- Internationalization of Higher Education
- Internationalization of Higher Education: Impacts
- Ivy League
- Land-Grant Colleges and Universities
- Liberal Arts Colleges
- Liberal Arts Colleges, Organization of
- Lisbon Treaty
- Master Plan
- Medieval Universities
- Minister of Basic Education and Minister of Higher Education and Training: South Africa
- Ministerial Systems of Higher Education: Brazil
- Modern Universities, UK
- NAFSA: Association of International Educators
- NASPA—Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education
- National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education
- Privatization
- Professional and Research Associations
- Projects 211 and 985
- Public Versus Private Higher Education Institutions
- Religiously Affiliated Institutions, U.S.
- Responsibility Centered Budgeting
- Rural Settings, Higher Education in
- Russell Group
- Secretary of State for Education, UK
- Society for Research into Higher Education
- State and National Higher Education Coordinating Boards, U.S.
- State Higher Education Executive Officers Association
- Student Retention, U.S.
- Technical and Further Education: Australia
- Technical Institutes
- Technological Universities, UK
- Tribal Colleges and Universities
- UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
- UN Conventions on Human Rights and Children’s Rights
- Urban Settings, Higher Education in
- Wisconsin Idea
- Women’s Colleges and Universities
- Teaching and Learning
- Active Learning
- Adaptive Learning Modules
- Adult Basic Education
- Adult Learners
- Adult Learning Theories
- Assessment
- Assessment of Learning
- Authentic Learning
- Badges
- Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
- Classroom Civility and Incivility
- Classroom Observation of Teaching
- Classroom Practices
- Cognitive Dissonance
- Collaborative Learning
- Collaborative Learning Strategies
- Competency-Based Education
- Cooperative Learning
- Copyright
- Course Design
- Critically Reflective Teaching
- Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
- Democratic and Co-Constructed Classes
- Didacticism
- Disciplinary Differences in Teaching
- Education Abroad
- Education Abroad, U.S.
- Educational Technology
- Educational Technology Tools
- Emotions in Learning
- Experiential Learning
- Faculty Development
- Hybrid Instruction
- Integrated Learning
- Intercultural Competence Development
- International Joint and Dual Degrees
- Laboratory Instruction
- Learning Organizations
- Learning Outcomes: Typologies
- Learning Spaces
- Learning Theories
- Lecture Method
- Liberal Arts: Teaching and Learning
- Liberal Education
- Liberal Education and America’s Promise
- Lifelong Learning
- Noncognitive Assessment
- Online Education
- Online Education: Teaching and Assessment
- Osher Lifelong Learning Institutes
- Plagiarism
- Problem-Based Learning
- Problem-Based Learning: Use in Engineering Disciplines
- Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
- Self-Directed Learning
- Service Learning
- Socratic Method
- Student Learning Outcomes
- Student Learning Outcomes Assessment
- Student Motivation
- Student-Centered Learning
- Teaching Academically Diverse Students
- Teaching and Learning Centers
- Teaching and Learning, U.S.: Organization
- Teaching Approaches
- Teaching Critical Thinking
- Teaching Ethics
- Teaching Excellence Framework
- Teaching in U.S. Higher Education
- Teaching Online, Strategies for
- Teaching Perspectives
- Teaching Portfolios
- Teaching Strategies
- Teaching Students With Disabilities
- Teaching That Empowers Students
- Team-Based Learning
- Tertiary Education: Teaching and Learning
- Testing and Grading
- Transformative Learning Theory
- Undergraduate Research
- University Extension Courses
- University of the Third Age, UK
- Virtual Learning Environments
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