The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental association of countries committed to the principles of democracy and market economy. Established in 1961, it serves as a policy forum for the member countries to improve economic and social well-being in their societies. With its focus on education and skills, the OECD has built significant impact on national education governance, according to researchers. This entry in the first section addresses the OECD’s overall function and organizational structure. The second section provides insights into the OECD’s education policy engagement, and the third section more specifically focuses on the OECD’s higher education activities. The fourth section closes with critical reviews of the OECD’s influence on education.