Threats to clean drinking water are undesirable practices that make water unsafe for consumption with regard to quality, quantity, accessibility, and availability. Water as a basic need and a fundamental human right should be safe, affordable, and accessible to everyone. Clean drinking water can be obtained from ground (wells, boreholes) or surface water sources such as seas, lakes, rivers, aquifers, springs, reservoirs, aqueducts, streams, oasis, dams, and rain water. Water is obtained from these sources for drinking, food production, and consumption and for other domestic or hydroelectric power, irrigation, social, industrial, agricultural, and economic uses.

Not only is water a valuable commodity, but it is also an essential resource that is fundamental to the growth of all living things. Water is essential for the sustenance of ...