Globalization from below can be interpreted in two ways: It is something that can refer to the agency of the nonelite in bringing about globalization, but it is also a label describing a social protest movement speaking out against the development from above of a world economy. To look at the former, a sense of history is needed, while the latter is a late-20th-century phenomenon that should be understood in sociopolitical terms. The biggest difference between these two interpretations of globalization from below is conscious awareness. People can contribute to globalization without being directly aware of it, by merely buying or making products, or by migrating. But when their actions become politically or socially inspired, people act in a conscious manner, and when they speak ...