In a forensic context, a lie is defined as a sender transmitting a message with the deliberate intention of misleading the receiver to cultivate a false belief or conclusion. The important element of this phenomenon is that the sender is cognizant of his or her intent to distort the truth, and the expectation is that the receiver does not anticipate or detect this. In criminal investigations, a primary aim of law enforcement agents and expert witnesses is to reliably and accurately distinguish truths from lies. This entry reviews the tools developed to aid the detection of lies, explores lie detection accuracy, and examines stakes and response biases in lie detection.

Tools That Aid Deception Detection

Verbal

Several speech analysis tools have been developed to aid experts in ...

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