In 2013, a study conducted by the Council of State Governments Justice Center revealed one in five arrests in four California cities involved an individual under community supervision. In fact, many large cities have found that a substantial proportion of crimes involve probationers (either as perpetrators or victims), necessitating the increased collaboration between police and probation. This entry discusses the origins of partnerships between law enforcement and probation agencies, their various forms and functions, what is known from the available research, and the direction of partnerships going forward.

Origins of Partnership

Boston’s Operation Night Light, a component within a larger multiagency initiative known as Operation Ceasefire, is considered the first formalized police–probation partnership, officially established in 1992. Faced with a growing street-level gang pandemic, the partnership ...

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