The term journalism refers to the process of gathering, assessing, creating, and disseminating news and information for public consumption. Journalism can be seen as an authored text in any form (i.e., written, audio, and visual) to record truthful features of the actual social world. Central to the news-making process, journalism involves crafts, routines, skills, and conventions that individuals and groups employ. In modern societies, journalistic products can be disseminated through at least three channels: (1) print media (e.g., newspapers, magazines), (2) broadcasting (television and radio), and (3) digital media (news websites and applications). By nature, humans are interested in news. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution states that humans face potential threats from the environment. Thus, a major purpose of journalism is to fulfill humans’ desire ...

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