Same-sex parenting can be defined as two people in a same-sex relationship who are raising one or more children together. The topic of same-sex parenthood has grown more visible in popular culture in the last few decades, alongside a growth in the research literature on same-sex parenting. Indeed, two-mom or two-dad families are becoming more and more common. This entry examines the paths to parenthood for same-sex parents, the transition to parenthood, and some of the unique challenges, strengths, and experiences of children raised by two moms or two dads reported in the research literature.