[Page 338]Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a persistent pattern of developmentally inappropriate inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. As defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), a diagnosis is made when an individual has six or more symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that persist for at least 6 months. Symptoms must be present in two or more settings (e.g., at home, school, or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities) and must interfere with or reduce the quality of social, academic, or occupational functioning. Individuals 17 years and older require only five symptoms, some of which must be present prior to the age of 12 years. This criterion differs from that of the fourth edition, text ...