The scientist-practitioner model constitutes something of a shibboleth (i.e., an outdated custom) for professional training and practice within the fields of clinical psychology and counseling, among others, within a number of English-speaking countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. It takes as its basis the core assumption that trained professional psychologists should be proficient in both research and clinical practice. It is a model that emphasizes the successful integration of [Page 2995]science and practice, with science informing practice and practice in turn informing the direction of scientific research in a feedback loop.

However, reservations are often expressed about this model by those working within psychology. Psychologists-in-training as well as qualified practitioners sometimes cite a divide between research and practice. It is sometimes claimed ...