Procrastination in general is a tendency to put off an intended action or decision; however, it has been defined and conceptualized in multiple ways. Thus, there does not seem to be a consensus on a single definition, but all definitions include a component of “delay.” For example, one definition of procrastination includes the failure to spend most of one’s time on important tasks. This entry introduces the various forms and causes of procrastination and discusses the factors that contribute to procrastination.

Forms of Procrastination

Angela Hsin Chun Chu and Jin Nam Choi argued that there are two types of procrastination: (1) active procrastination and (2) passive procrastination. Active procrastination is when one makes a conscious decision to procrastinate. Active procrastinators plan and organize task activities, although ...

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