Personality Disorders: Biological Factors

Personality disorders are rigid and maladaptive patterns of cognition, affect, and behavior that impair functioning and persist across a wide range of personal, social, and occupational situations. Evidence for the presence of a personality disorder can be usually traced to adolescence or early adulthood, and symptoms tend to persist over a long period of time, in contrast to the episodic nature of some other mental health disorders like a major depressive episode. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), includes nine personality disorders in three clusters. Cluster A personality disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder (STPD). Cluster B personality disorders include antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), borderline personality disorder (BPD), histrionic personality disorder, and narcissistic personality ...

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