Neurocognitive Disorders: Diagnosis

Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) refer to a group of disorders that are primarily characterized by deficits in cognitive abilities and everyday functioning. Cognitive impairment in NCDs is conceptualized as being acquired and not developmental. Generally, a diagnosis of NCD is guided by symptom severity, impact on everyday functioning, and underlying etiology. This entry focuses on the general criteria needed for the diagnosis of NCD, basic distinction between mild and major NCDs, and their classification based on etiology. Before distinguishing between mild and major NCDs and describing their etiological subtypes, it is helpful to understand overarching principles informing the diagnosis of NCD.

General Diagnostic Guidelines

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), four primary criteria guide the diagnosis of NCD. The diagnosis of ...

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