In the 1950s, as a graduate student at the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, Arnold A. Lazarus contributed to the genesis of behavior therapy (a term he was the first to use in the professional literature in 1958). In the 1960s and 1970s, he pioneered cognitive behavioral therapy (which he introduced with his 1971 book Behavior Therapy and Beyond). During the 1980s, Lazarus ultimately created multimodal therapy (MMT), a comprehensive, biopsychosocial approach to psychological assessment and theoretically consistent, technically eclectic psychotherapy.

MMT arose out of Lazarus’s realization that there were significant treatment omissions in behavior therapy and in cognitive behavioral therapy, which he found too narrow. Hence, in addition to focusing on behavior, cognition, and affect, MMT also assesses imagery, sensations, interpersonal relationships, ...

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