Motor disorders are characterized by abnormal, unintentional movements resulting in functional impairment for which a variety of behavioral and pharmacological treatments are described as effective. Listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), as neurodevelopmental disorders, motor disorders include developmental coordination disorder (DCD), stereotypic movement disorder (SMD), and tic disorders.

Treatment of DCD

DCD is characterized by the achievement and performance of motor skills at a rate and level below the norm for one’s chronological age, intelligence level, and environment.

Behavioral and cognitive treatments are generally classified as process or task specific. Process-specific treatments, including sensory integration training, perceptual-motor training, and kinesthetic training, target basic body functions and cognitive processes. Task-specific treatments, which have relatively greater empirical support, emphasize the practice of functional ...

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