Depression is a common mental health condition associated with considerable human suffering. As described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), an individual’s experience of major depressive disorder (MDD) can affect the emotional, physical, behavioral, and cognitive domains. Symptoms may include persistent sadness, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, changes in sleep and appetite, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of suicide. A diagnosis of MDD is made when someone experiences clinical levels of depressive symptoms for at least 2 weeks with no history of manic or hypomanic episodes and the symptoms are associated with significant distress or impairment in functioning, are not substance induced, and are not caused by a co-occurring medical problem. In addition to the burden ...

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