In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), under Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, hoarding disorder (HD) is characterized by significant difficulty with discarding or letting go of possessions regardless of others’ valuation of the items. The difficulty discarding leads to clutter in the person’s living space that seriously impairs functioning. Individuals with HD often acquire items excessively and may have low insight into their hoarding symptoms. Hoarding not only affects the individual (e.g., activities of daily living, work/school functioning, economic stability, social relationships) but also affects others adversely. Hoarding behavior strains family relationships and can pose a public health hazard to neighbors, as well as costs to the community. Whereas traditional pharmacological and psychosocial interventions have not typically produced successful outcomes ...

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