Depressive Disorders: Diagnosis

Depressive disorders place a significant burden on society and are characterized by persistent sad, empty, or irritable mood of specific duration and additional cognitive and somatic symptoms that together are associated with clinically significant distress or impairment for the individual. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), these disorders include major depressive disorder (MDD), persistent depressive disorder (PDD, which combines the DSM-IV-TR (Text Revision) diagnoses of chronic MDD and dysthymic disorder), disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), substance/medication-induced depressive disorder, other specified depressive disorder, and unspecified depressive disorder. A differential diagnosis is based on the specific symptoms, duration of the disorder (e.g., at least 2 weeks for MDD, at least 2 years for PDD in adults), ...

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