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Brazil
BRAZIL IS THE largest nation in Latin America, the fifth most populous in the world, and the eighth largest economy regarding purchasing power. Most famous for its Amazon Rainforest and natural resources, Brazil is now 17th in the world in the number of scientific indexed papers published. Stem cells from different sources have been studied in Brazil, and preclinical and clinical trials are under way. Although the news from this country is encouraging, the Brazilian stem cell community still faces many challenges, including the low number of scientists working in the field.
The Federative Republic of Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, with 8,514,877 square kilometers (3,287,612 square miles), exceeded in size only by Russia, Canada, China, and the United States. Besides ...
- Biology
- Biotechnology, History of
- Cell Sorting
- Cells, Adult
- Cells, Amniotic
- Cells, Developing
- Cells, Embryonic
- Cells, Fetal
- Cells, Human
- Cells, Monkey
- Cells, Mouse (Embryonic)
- Cells, Neural
- Cells, Sources of
- Cells, Umbilical
- Cytogenetic Instability of Stem Cells
- Developmental Biology
- Differentiation, In Vitro and In Vivo
- Division Types (Symmetrical and Asymmetrical)
- Experimental Models
- Feeder/Feeder—Free Culture
- Gut Stem Cells
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- Lineages
- Mammary Stem Cells
- Markers of Sternness
- Methods of Growing Cells
- Microenvironment and Immune Issues
- Neuralstem
- Neurosphere Cultures
- Niche Self—Renewal
- Nuclear Reprogramming
- Parthogenesis
- Plant Stem Cells
- Prostate Tissue Stem Cells
- Renal Stem Cells
- Self—Renewal, Stem Cell
- Stem Cell Applications, Articular Cartilage
- Stem Cell Applications, Tendon and Ligament
- Stem—Like Cells, Human Brain
- Tissue Culture
- Transdifferentiation
- Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Outside U.S.: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Clinical Trials Outside U.S.: Avascular Necrosis
- Clinical Trials Outside U.S.: Severe Coronary Artery Disease
- Clinical Trials Outside U.S.: Spinal Cord Injury
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Batten Disease
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Blind Process
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Cancer
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Heart Disease
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Skin Transplants (Burns)
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Spinal Cord Injury
- Clinical Trials Within U.S.: Traumatic Brain Injury
- Clinical Trials Worldwide
- Countries
- Diseases
- Ethics
- History and Technology
- Birth Dating of Cells by Retrovirus
- Bone Marrow Transplants
- BrdU/Thymidine
- Fluorescence—Activated Cell Sorting
- Human Embryonic Stem Cells
- In Vitro Fertilization
- Mouse ES Cell Isolation
- MRI Tracking
- Non—Human Primate Embryonic Stem Cells
- Nuclear Transfer, Altered
- Nuclear Transfer, Somatic
- Parthogenesis
- Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
- Viral Vectors: Adeno—Associated Virus
- Viral Vectors: Adenovirus
- Viral Vectors: Lentivirus
- Industry
- Institutions
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine
- Baylor College of Medicine
- Bonn University
- Burnham Institute
- Caltech
- Cambridge University
- Case Western Reserve University/Cleveland Clinic
- Children's Hospital, Boston
- Columbia University
- Coriell Institute
- Duke University
- Genetics Policy Institute
- Harvard University
- Indiana University
- Johns Hopkins University
- Kyoto University
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Mayo Clinic
- McMaster University
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine
- National Academy of Science
- Northwestern University
- Oregon Health & Science University
- Ottawa Health Research Institute
- Oxford University
- Princeton University
- Reeve—Irvine Research Center
- Robarts Research Institute
- Rockefeller University
- Rutgers University
- Salk Institute
- Scripps Research Institute
- Sloan—Kettering Institute
- Stanford University
- Stowers Institute
- University of California, Berkeley
- University of California, Davis
- University of California, Los Angeles
- University of California, San Diego
- University of California, San Francisco
- University of Connecticut
- University of Georgia
- University of Miami
- University of Michigan
- University of Minnesota
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- University of Pittsburgh
- University of Southern California
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
- University of Toronto
- University of Washington/Hutchinson Cancer Center
- University of Wisconsin, Madison
- Vanderbilt of University
- Wake Forest University
- Weill—Cornell Medical College
- Whitehead Institute
- Yale University
- Legal Issues
- Organizations
- American Association for the Advancement of Science
- Australian Stem Cell Centre
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
- Canadian Stem Cell Network
- China Stem Cell News
- Christopher Reeve Foundation
- Community of Stem Cell Scientists
- Danish Stem Cell Research Center
- East of England Stem Cell Network
- European Consortium for Stem Cell Research—EuroStemCell
- International Society for Stem Cell Research
- International Stem Cell Forum
- Japan Human Cell Society
- Lasker Foundation
- Medical Research Council UK Stem Cell Initiative
- Michael J. Fox Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Stem Cell Bank
- Parkinson's Disease Foundation
- Scottish Stem Cell Network
- Stem Cell Genome Anatomy Projects
- Swiss Stem Cell Network
- UK National Stem Cell Network
- Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- People
- Alvarez—Buylla, Arturo
- Anversa, Piero
- Charo, Robin Alta
- Eaves, Connie
- Eggan, Kevin
- Fuchs, Elaine
- Gage, Fred
- Gearhart, John
- Goldman, Steven A.
- Jaenisch, Rudolf
- Keller, Gordon
- Kriegstein, Arnold
- Lanza, Robert
- Losordo, Douglas
- Macklis, Jeffrey
- McKay, Ronald D. G.
- Melton, Doug
- Morrison, Sean
- Mummery, Christine
- Nottebohm, Fernando
- Okano, Hideyuki
- Orkin, Stuart
- Rao, Mahendra
- Smith, Austin
- Snyder, Evan
- Steindler, Dennis A.
- Studer, Lorenz P.
- Thomson, James
- Van der Kooy, Derek
- Verfaillie, Catherine
- Vescovi, Angelo
- Weissman, Irving
- Wilmut, Ian
- Politics
- Advocacy
- Coalition for the Advancement of Medical Research
- Congress: Votes and Amendments (Cloning/Embryos)
- Dickey Amendment
- Do No Harm: The Coalition of Americans for Research Ethics
- National Right to Life Committee
- Presidential Campaigns
- President's Council on Bioethics
- Reagan, Nancy
- Special Interest/Lobby Groups
- Stem Cells, Bush Ruling
- Religion
- States
- Alabama
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
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