SAGE Reference - The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods

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X¯

In: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods
Edited by: Michael S. Lewis-Beck, Alan Bryman & Tim Futing Liao
Subject:Research Methods

X¯ is the notation for the arithmetic Mean of a Variable. If the variable is denoted by X, the ith observation’s value on variable X is denoted by Xi, and N is the total number of observations, ...

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  Lewis-Beck, M. S., Bryman, A., & Liao, T. F. (2004). X¯. In The SAGE encyclopedia of social science research methods (Vol. 1, pp. 1200-1200). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950589.n1093
  
  Lewis-Beck, Michael S., Alan Bryman, and Tim F. Liao. "X¯." In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods, edited by Lewis-Beck, Michael S., Alan Bryman, and Tim F. Liao, 1200. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2004. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950589.n1093.
  
  Lewis-Beck, M. S., Bryman, A. and Liao, T. F. 2004. X¯. In: Michael S. Lewis-Beck, Alan Bryman and Tim F. Liao Editors, 2004. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 1200 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950589.n1093> [Accessed 19 May 2022].
  
  Lewis-Beck, Michael S., et al. "X¯." The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods. Edited by Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2004, pp. 1200. SAGE Knowledge. 19 May 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412950589.n1093.
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