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Political Critique in Nollywood Video-Films (Nigeria)
Nollywood, the independent Nigerian video film industry, emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The producers, like those in Ghana, began with VHS tape but now use digital equipment. This is partially responsible for the “video boom” in Nigeria. “Nollywood” ...
- Cinema, Television, and Video
- Activist Cinema in the 1970s (France)
- Appalshop (United States)
- Beheading Videos (Iraq/Transnational)
- Berber Video-Films (Morocco)
- Black Exploitation Cinema (United States)
- Challenge for Change Film Movement (Canada)
- Cine Insurgente/Rebel Cinema (Argentina)
- COR TV, 2006, Oaxaca (México)
- Deep Dish TV (United States)
- DIVA TV and ACT UP (United States)
- Documentary Film for Social Change (India)
- Kayapó Video (Brasil)
- Media Education Foundation (United States)
- Medvedkine Groups and Workers' Cinema (France)
- Paper Tiger Television (United States)
- Political Critique in Nollywood Video-Films (Nigeria)
- Public Access
- Sixth Generation Cinema (China)
- Third Cinema
- Video SEWA (India)
- Concept and Topic Overviews
- Alternative Media
- Alternative Media
- Alternative Media at Political Summits
- Alternative Media Global Project
- Alternative Media: Policy Issues
- Anarchist Media
- Citizen Journalism
- Citizens' Media
- Community Media and the Third Sector
- Creative Commons
- Culture Jamming
- Environmental Movement Media
- Feminist Media: An Overview
- Grassroots Tech Activists and Media Policy
- Human Rights Media
- Indigenous Peoples' Media
- Installation Art Media
- Leninist Underground Media Model
- Media Infrastructure Policy and Media Activism
- Mobile Communication and Social Movements
- New Media and Activism
- Participatory Media
- Performance Art and Social Movement Media: Augusto Boal
- Public Access
- Third Cinema
- Youth Media
- Youth-Generated Media
- Cultural Contestations (see also Performance Art Media and Popular Song)
- Adbusters Media Foundation (Canada)
- Angry Buddhist Monk Phenomenon (Southeast Asia)
- Barbie Liberation Organization (United States)
- Bhangra, Resistance, and Rituals (South Asia/Transnational)
- Chipko Environmental Movement Media (India)
- Church of Life After Shopping (United States)
- Culture Jamming
- Dance as Social Activism (South Asia)
- Eland Ceremony, Abatwa People's (Southern Africa)
- EuroMayDay
- HIV/AIDS Media (India)
- Mawonaj (Haïti)
- May 1968 Poetry and Graffiti (France/Transnational)
- Murals (Northern Ireland)
- Parodies of Dominant Discourse (Zambia)
- Political Cartooning, 1870s-Present (India)
- Political Jokes (Zimbabwe)
- Resistance Through Ridicule (Africa)
- Sex Workers' Blogs
- Vernacular Poetry Audiotapes in the Arab World
- Yes Men, The (United States)
- Youth Rock Music (China)
- Feminist Media
- Gay and Lesbian Media
- Human Rights Media
- Independence Movement Media
- Black Atlantic Liberation Media (Transnational)
- Independence Movement Media (India)
- Independence Movement Media (Vietnam)
- Kurdish “Mountain” Journalism
- New Culture and May 4th Movements Media (China)
- Palestinian Interwar Press
- Tamil Nationalist Media (Sri Lanka/Transnational)
- Zionist Movement Media, Pre–1948
- Indigenous Peoples' Media
- Information Policy Activism
- Internet
- AlterNet (United States)
- Arab Bloggers as Citizen Journalists (Transnational)
- Bloggers Under Occupation, 2003- (Iraq)
- Center for Digital Storytelling (United States)
- Hong Kong In-Media
- Indymedia (The Independent Media Center)
- Indymedia and Gender
- Indymedia: East Asia
- Internet and the Fall of Dictatorship (Indonesia)
- Internet Social Movement Media (Hong Kong)
- Mobile Communication and Social Movements
- New Media and Activism
- Online Diaspora (Zambia)
- Online Nationalism (China)
- Radical Software (United States)
- Social Movement Media in 2009 Crisis (Iran)
- Labor Media
- News
- Democracy Now! and Pacifica Radio (United States)
- Al-Jazeera as Global Alternative News Source (Qatar/Transnational)
- Alternative Information Center (Israel and Palestine)
- ANCLA Clandestine News Agency (Argentina)
- Barricada TV (Argentina)
- BiA Independent Communication Network (Turkey)
- Citizen Journalism
- National Alternative Media Network (Argentina)
- Non-Aligned News Agencies Pool
- OhmyNews (Korea)
- Third World Network (Malaysia)
- Performance Art Media
- Boxer Rebellion Theater (China)
- El Teatro Campesino
- Indian People's Theatre Association
- Madang Street Theater (Korea)
- Performance Art and Social Movement Media: Augusto Boal
- Sarabhai Family and the Darpana Academy (India)
- Social Movement and Modern Dance (Bengal)
- Street Theater (Canada)
- Street Theater (India)
- Popular Song
- Dischord Records (United States)
- La Nova Cançó Protest Song (Països Catalans)
- Lookout! Records (United States)
- Music and Dissent (Ghana and Nigeria)
- Music and Social Protest (Malawi)
- Political Song (Liberia and Sierra Leone)
- Political Song (Northern Ireland)
- Popular Music and Political Expression (Côte d'Ivoire)
- Popular Music and Protest (Ethiopia)
- Protest Music (Haïti)
- Reggae and Resistance (Jamaica)
- Rembetiko Songs (Greece)
- Press
- Alternative Comics (United States)
- Alternative Local Press (United Kingdom)
- Anarchist and Libertarian Media, 1945–2010 (Federal Germany)
- Anarchist and Libertarian Press, 1945–1990 (Eastern Germany)
- Anti–Anticommunist Media Under McCarthyism (United States)
- Ballyhoo Magazine (United States)
- Belle de Jour Blog (United Kingdom)
- Black Press (United States)
- Dangwai Magazines (Taiwan)
- Fantagraphics Books (United States)
- Le Monde diplomatique (France/Transnational)
- Leeds Other Paper/Northern Star (United Kingdom)
- Leveller Magazine (United Kingdom)
- Love and Rockets Comic Books (United States)
- Mother Earth (United States)
- RAW Magazine (United States)
- Southern Patriot, The, 1942–1973 (United States)
- Spare Rib Magazine (United Kingdom)
- Spread Magazine (United States)
- Stay Free! Magazine (United States)
- Tehelka Magazine (India)
- Wartime Underground Resistance Press, 1941–1944 (Greece)
- Whole Earth Catalog (United States)
- Radio
- Christian Radio (United States)
- Community Broadcasting (Canada)
- Community Radio (Haïti)
- Community Radio (Ireland)
- Community Radio (Sri Lanka)
- Community Radio and Podcasting (United States)
- Community Radio in Pau da Lima (Brasil)
- Community Radio Movement (India)
- Community Radio Stations (Brasil)
- Free Radio (Austria)
- Free Radio Movement (Italy)
- Free Radio Movement, 1974–1981 (France)
- Low-Power FM Radio (United States)
- Miners' Radio Stations (Bolivia)
- Nairobi Slumdwellers' Media (Kenya)
- Pirate Radio (Israel)
- Pirate Radio (Lebanon)
- Prisoners' Radio
- Prometheus Radio Project (United States)
- Radio Andaquí and the Belén Media School (Colombia)
- Radio La Tribu (Argentina)
- Radio Lorraine Coeur d'Acier (France)
- Radio Mille Collines and Kangura Magazine (Rwanda)
- Radio Student and Radio Mars (Slovenia)
- Social Movement Media
- Samizdat Underground Media (Soviet Bloc)
- Suara Independen (Indonesia)
- Alliance for Community Media (United States)
- Alternative Media (Malaysia)
- Alternative Media Center (United States)
- Alternative Media Heritage in Latin America
- Anti–Fascist Media, 1922–1945 (Italy)
- Anticolonial Press (British Colonial Africa)
- Audiocassettes and Political Critique (Kenya)
- Channel Four TV and Underground Radio (Taiwan)
- Chipko Environmental Movement Media (India)
- Communist Movement Media, 1950s–1960s (Hong Kong)
- Community Broadcasting Audiences (Australia)
- Community Media (Venezuela)
- Community Radio and Natural Disasters (Indonesia)
- Cultural Front (Canada)
- Dalit Movement Media (India)
- December 2008 Revolt Media (Greece)
- Environmental Movement Media
- Extreme Right and Anti-Extreme Right Media (Vlaanderen/Flanders)
- Free Tibet Movement's Publicity
- Independent Media (Burma/Myanmar)
- Kefaya Movement Media (Egypt)
- Khalistan Movement Media (India/Transnational)
- Media Activism in the Kwangju Uprising (Korea)
- Media Against Communalism (India)
- Media Justice Movement (United States)
- MediACT (Korea)
- Moon River Movement Media (Thailand)
- National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) to 1933
- Naxalite Movement Media (India)
- New Media and Alternative Cultural Sphere (Iran)
- November-December 1995 Social Movement Media (France)
- Paramilitary Media (Northern Ireland)
- Peace Media (Colombia)
- Political Graffiti (Greece)
- Prague Spring Media
- Radio Andaquí and the Belén Media School (Colombia)
- Revolutionary Media, 1956 (Hungary)
- Small Media Against Big Oil (Nigeria)
- Social Movement Media (Macedonia)
- Social Movement Media (Philippines)
- Social Movement Media in 1987 Clashes (Korea)
- Social Movement Media in the Emergency (India)
- Social Movement Media in the Sandinista Era (Nicaragua)
- Social Movement Media, 1915–1970 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 1920s–1970s (Japan)
- Social Movement Media, 1960s–1980s (Chile)
- Social Movement Media, 1971–1990 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 1980s–2000s (Japan)
- Social Movement Media, 1991–2010 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 2001–2002 (Argentina)
- Social Movement Media, Anti-Apartheid (South Africa)
- Social Movement Media, Post-Apartheid (South Africa)
- Wayruro People's Communication (Argentina)
- Weimar Republic Dissident Cultures (Germany)
- White Supremacist Tattoos (United States)
- Youth Media
- Youth Protest Media (Switzerland)
- Youth-Generated Media
- Zapatista Media (México)
- Regions
- Alternative Media
- Suara Independen (Indonesia)
- Tehelka Magazine (India)
- Activist Cinema in the 1970s (France)
- Adbusters Media Foundation (Canada)
- Adivasi Movement Media (India)
- Advocate, The (United States)
- Al-Jazeera as Global Alternative News Source (Qatar/Transnational)
- Alliance for Community Media (United States)
- Alternative Comics (United States)
- Alternative Information Center (Israel and Palestine)
- Alternative Local Press (United Kingdom)
- Alternative Media
- Alternative Media (Malaysia)
- Alternative Media at Political Summits
- Alternative Media Center (United States)
- Alternative Media Global Project
- Alternative Media Heritage in Latin America
- Alternative Media in the World Social Forum
- Alternative Media: Policy Issues
- AlterNet (United States)
- Anarchist and Libertarian Media, 1945–2010 (Federal Germany)
- Anarchist and Libertarian Press, 1945–1990 (Eastern Germany)
- Anarchist Media
- ANCLA Clandestine News Agency (Argentina)
- Angry Buddhist Monk Phenomenon (Southeast Asia)
- Ankara Trash-Sorters' Media (Turkey)
- Anti–Anticommunist Media Under McCarthyism (United States)
- Anticolonial Press (British Colonial Africa)
- Anti-Fascist Media, 1922–1945 (Italy)
- Appalshop (United States)
- Arab Bloggers as Citizen Journalists (Transnational)
- Audiocassettes and Political Critique (Kenya)
- Ballyhoo Magazine (United States)
- Barbie Liberation Organization (United States)
- Barricada TV (Argentina)
- Beheading Videos (Iraq/Transnational)
- Belle de Jour Blog (United Kingdom)
- Berber Video-Films (Morocco)
- Bhangra, Resistance, and Rituals (South Asia/Transnational)
- BiA Independent Communication Network (Turkey)
- Black Atlantic Liberation Media (Transnational)
- Black Exploitation Cinema (United States)
- Black Press (United States)
- Bloggers Under Occupation, 2003- (Iraq)
- Boxer Rebellion Theater (China)
- Center for Digital Storytelling (United States)
- Challenge for Change Film Movement (Canada)
- Channel Four TV and Underground Radio (Taiwan)
- Chipko Environmental Movement Media (India)
- Christian Radio (United States)
- Church of Life After Shopping (United States)
- Cine Insurgente/Rebel Cinema (Argentina)
- Citizen Journalism
- Citizens' Media
- Communist Movement Media, 1950s–1960s (Hong Kong)
- Community Broadcasting (Canada)
- Community Broadcasting Audiences (Australia)
- Community Media (Venezuela)
- Community Media and the Third Sector
- Community Radio (Haïti)
- Community Radio (Ireland)
- Community Radio (Sri Lanka)
- Community Radio and Natural Disasters (Indonesia)
- Community Radio and Podcasting (United States)
- Community Radio in Pau da Lima (Brasil)
- Community Radio Movement (India)
- Community Radio Stations (Brasil)
- Copyleft
- COR TV, 2006, Oaxaca (México)
- Creative Commons
- Cultural Front (Canada)
- Culture Jamming
- Dalit Movement Media (India)
- Dance as Social Activism (South Asia)
- Dangwai Magazines (Taiwan)
- December 2008 Revolt Media (Greece)
- Deep Dish TV (United States)
- Democracy Now! and Pacifica Radio (United States)
- Dischord Records (United States)
- DIVA TV and ACT UP (United States)
- Documentary Film for Social Change (India)
- El Teatro Campesino
- Eland Ceremony, Abatwa People's (Southern Africa)
- Environmental Movement Media
- EuroMayDay
- Extreme Right and Anti-Extreme Right Media (Vlaanderen/Flanders)
- Fantagraphics Books (United States)
- Feminist Media, 1960–1990 (Germany)
- Feminist Media: An Overview
- Feminist Movement Media (United States)
- First Peoples' Media (Canada)
- Free Radio (Austria)
- Free Radio Movement (Italy)
- Free Radio Movement, 1974–1981 (France)
- Free Tibet Movement's Publicity
- Gay Press (Canada, United Kingdom, United States)
- Gay USA
- Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Argentina)
- Grassroots Tech Activists and Media Policy
- H.I.J.O.S. and Escraches (Argentina)
- HIV/AIDS Media (India)
- Hong Kong In-Media
- Human Rights Media
- Independence Movement Media (India)
- Independence Movement Media (Vietnam)
- Independent Media (Burma/Myanmar)
- Indian People's Theatre Association
- Indigenous Media (Australia)
- Indigenous Media (Burma/Myanmar)
- Indigenous Media in Latin America
- Indigenous Peoples' Media
- Indigenous Radio Stations (México)
- Industrial Workers of the World Media (United States)
- Indymedia (The Independent Media Center)
- Indymedia and Gender
- Indymedia: East Asia
- Installation Art Media
- Internet and the Fall of Dictatorship (Indonesia)
- Internet Social Movement Media (Hong Kong)
- Kayapó Video (Brasil)
- Kefaya Movement Media (Egypt)
- Khalistan Movement Media (India/Transnational)
- Kurdish “Mountain” Journalism
- La Nova Cançó Protest Song (Països Catalans)
- Labor Media (United States)
- Le Monde diplomatique (France/Transnational)
- Le Monde diplomatique (France/Transnational)
- Leeds Other Paper/Northern Star (United Kingdom)
- Leninist Underground Media Model
- Leveller Magazine (United Kingdom)
- Lookout! Records (United States)
- Love and Rockets Comic Books (United States)
- Low-Power FM Radio (United States)
- Madang Street Theater (Korea)
- Maori Media and Social Movements (Aotearoa/New Zealand)
- Mawonaj (Haïti)
- May 1968 Poetry and Graffiti (France/Transnational)
- Media Activism in the Kwangju Uprising (Korea)
- Media Activists and Communication Policy Processes
- Media Against Communalism (India)
- Media Education Foundation (United States)
- Media Infrastructure Policy and Media Activism
- Media Justice Movement (United States)
- MediACT (Korea)
- Medvedkine Groups and Workers' Cinema (France)
- Migrant Workers' Television (Korea)
- Miners' Radio Stations (Bolivia)
- Mobile Communication and Social Movements
- Moon River Movement Media (Thailand)
- Mother Earth (United States)
- Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Argentina)
- Murals (Northern Ireland)
- Music and Dissent (Ghana and Nigeria)
- Music and Social Protest (Malawi)
- Nairobi Slumdwellers' Media (Kenya)
- National Alternative Media Network (Argentina)
- National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) to 1933
- Naxalite Movement Media (India)
- New Culture and May 4th Movements Media (China)
- New Media and Activism
- New Media and Alternative Cultural Sphere (Iran)
- Non-Aligned News Agencies Pool
- November-December 1995 Social Movement Media (France)
- OhmyNews (Korea)
- Online Diaspora (Zambia)
- Online Nationalism (China)
- Palestinian Interwar Press
- Paper Tiger Television (United States)
- Paramilitary Media (Northern Ireland)
- Parodies of Dominant Discourse (Zambia)
- Participatory Media
- Peace Media (Colombia)
- Performance Art and Social Movement Media: Augusto Boal
- Pirate Radio (Israel)
- Pirate Radio (Lebanon)
- Political Cartooning, 1870s-Present (India)
- Political Critique in Nollywood Video-Films (Nigeria)
- Political Graffiti (Greece)
- Political Jokes (Zimbabwe)
- Political Song (Liberia and Sierra Leone)
- Political Song (Northern Ireland)
- Popular Music and Political Expression (Côte d'Ivoire)
- Popular Music and Protest (Ethiopia)
- Prague Spring Media
- Prisoners' Radio
- Prometheus Radio Project (United States)
- Protest Music (Haïti)
- Public Access
- Radical Software (United States)
- Radio Andaquí and the Belén Media School (Colombia)
- Radio La Tribu (Argentina)
- Radio Lorraine Coeur d'Acier (France)
- Radio Mille Collines and Kangura Magazine (Rwanda)
- Radio Student and Radio Mars (Slovenia)
- RAW Magazine (United States)
- Reggae and Resistance (Jamaica)
- Rembetiko Songs (Greece)
- Resistance Through Ridicule (Africa)
- Revolutionary Media, 1956 (Hungary)
- Samizdat Underground Media (Soviet Bloc)
- Sarabhai Family and the Darpana Academy (India)
- Sex Workers' Blogs
- Sixth Generation Cinema (China)
- Small Media Against Big Oil (Nigeria)
- Social Democratic Media to 1914 (Germany)
- Social Movement and Modern Dance (Bengal)
- Social Movement Media (Macedonia)
- Social Movement Media (Philippines)
- Social Movement Media in 1987 Clashes (Korea)
- Social Movement Media in 2009 Crisis (Iran)
- Social Movement Media in the Emergency (India)
- Social Movement Media in the Sandinista Era (Nicaragua)
- Social Movement Media, 1915–1970 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 1920s–1970s (Japan)
- Social Movement Media, 1960s–1980s (Chile)
- Social Movement Media, 1971–1990 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 1980s–2000s (Japan)
- Social Movement Media, 1991–2010 (Haïti)
- Social Movement Media, 2001–2002 (Argentina)
- Social Movement Media, Anti-Apartheid (South Africa)
- Social Movement Media, Post-Apartheid (South Africa)
- Southern Patriot, The, 1942–1973 (United States)
- Spare Rib Magazine (United Kingdom)
- Spread Magazine (United States)
- Stay Free! Magazine (United States)
- Stonewall Incident (United States)
- Street Theater (Canada)
- Street Theater (India)
- Tamil Nationalist Media (Sri Lanka/Transnational)
- Third Cinema
- Third World Network (Malaysia)
- Undocumented Workers' Internet Use (France)
- Vernacular Poetry Audiotapes in the Arab World
- Video SEWA (India)
- Wartime Underground Resistance Press, 1941–1944 (Greece)
- Wayruro People's Communication (Argentina)
- Weimar Republic Dissident Cultures (Germany)
- White Supremacist Tattoos (United States)
- Whole Earth Catalog (United States)
- WITNESS Video (United States)
- Women Bloggers (Egypt)
- Women's Movement Media (India)
- Women's Radio (Austria)
- Workers' Film and Photo League (United States)
- Yes Men, The (United States)
- Youth Media
- Youth Protest Media (Switzerland)
- Youth Rock Music (China)
- Youth-Generated Media
- Zapatista Media (México)
- Zionist Movement Media, Pre–1948
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