Alexis Charles Henri Clerel de Tocqueville (1805–59) was a 19th-century French political theorist, historian, writer, and politician best known for his two-volume study of America, Democracy in America. Between May 1831 and February 1832, de Tocqueville and his friend, Gustave de Beaumont, toured the United States to investigate the applicability of the country's two main penal systems (the Pennsylvania system and the New York system) for adoption in the prisons of France; their report Du système pénitentiare aux Etats-Unis, et de ...

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