Tutoring is a common instructional strategy used throughout schools, universities, and communities to enhance academic performance. Typically in tutoring, a more advanced individual (tutor) teaches an individual with less advanced skill (tutee) the necessary skills to master an academic task. The tutor typically works one-to-one with a tutee on skills that are deficient (e.g., reading, math, writing, or study skills). Through tutoring the tutee is provided an opportunity for individualized instruction in which he or she is able to practice and receive immediate feedback in the identified area(s) of need.

Tutoring programs may include strategic and/or instructional approaches. When using the strategic tutoring approach, the tutor teaches the tutee strategies needed to independently complete an academic task (e.g., strategies to write a research report). Instructional tutoring ...