Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a childhood disorder that is characterized by undercontrolled, noncompliant, defiant, and socially disruptive behavior. ODD is classified as a disruptive behavior disorder along with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) specifies that youth must exhibit four of the following behaviors for at least six months for a diagnosis of ODD to be made (American Psychiatric Association, 2000):

  • Loses temper
  • Argues with adults
  • Defies or refuses to comply with rules or adult's requests
  • Annoys others deliberately
  • Blames others for mistakes
  • Is easily annoyed by others
  • Is often angry and resentful
  • Is often spiteful and vindictive

The DSM-IV-TR also specifies that a diagnosis should only be made if oppositional and defiant behavior significantly impairs an individual's ...

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