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Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA; 20 U.S.C. § 1232g; 34 CFR Part 99) is a U.S. federal law designed to protect students’ privacy and personal access to educational records. FERPA applies to any educational agency or elementary, secondary, or postsecondary education institution to which federal funds have been made available under any program administered by the U.S. secretary of education. FERPA is one of the most often cited federal acts guiding educational governance. This entry further defines FERPA and its scope and then reviews the history of the act and its various amendments.
Scope of FERPA
FERPA establishes a framework for the disclosure of student records to various agencies or external requestors. The act provides parents of schoolchildren under the age of 18 years ...
- Assessment
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- Test Security
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- Backward Design
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- Formative Assessment
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- Student Self-Assessment
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- Analytic Scoring
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- Criterion-Referenced Interpretation
- Decile
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- Guttman Scaling
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- Intelligence Quotient
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- Levels of Measurement
- Lexiles
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- Multidimensional Scaling
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- Ordinal-Level Measurement
- Percentile Rank
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- Quartile
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- National Assessment of Educational Progress
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- Programme for International Student Assessment
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- Raven’s Progressive Matrices
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- Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
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- Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability
- Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Oral Language
- Validity
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- Construct Irrelevance
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- Content-Related Validity Evidence
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- Measurement Invariance
- Multicultural Validity
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- Responsive Evaluation
- Success Case Method
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- Utilization-Focused Evaluation
- Human Development
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- Accreditation
- Alignment
- Angoff Method
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- Content Analysis
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- Cut Scores
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- Equating
- Instructional Sensitivity
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- American Psychological Association
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- Institute of Education Sciences
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- National Council on Measurement in Education
- National Science Foundation
- Office of Elementary and Secondary Education
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers
- Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium
- Teachers’ Associations
- U.S. Department of Education
- World Education Research Association
- Professional Issues
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
- Guiding Principles for Evaluators
- Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing
- Accountability
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- Classroom Observations
- Compliance
- Confidentiality
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- Educational Researchers, Training of
- Ethical Issues in Educational Research
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- Transcription
- Trustworthiness
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- Data
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- Generalizability
- Hypothesis Testing
- Impartiality
- Interaction
- Internal Validity
- Objectivity
- Order Effects
- Representativeness
- Response Rate
- Scientific Method
- Type III Error
- Research Designs
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- Research Methods
- Classroom Observations
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- Convenience Sampling
- Debriefing
- Deception
- Expert Sampling
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- Random Assignment
- Random Selection
- Replication
- Simple Random Sampling
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- Survey Methods
- Systematic Sampling
- Weighting
- Research Tools
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- R
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- 45 CFR Part 46
- Accessibility of Assessment
- Accommodations
- Accreditation
- African Americans and Testing
- Alignment
- Asian Americans and Testing
- Assent
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- Cheating
- Confidentiality
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- Cultural Competence
- Deception in Human Subjects Research
- Declaration of Helsinki
- Dropouts
- Ethical Issues in Educational Research
- Ethical Issues in Evaluation
- Ethical Issues in Testing
- Falsified Data in Large-Scale Surveys
- Flynn Effect
- Fraudulent and Misleading Data
- Gender and Testing
- High-Stakes Tests
- Human Subjects Protections
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- Informed Consent
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- Minority Issues in Testing
- Nuremberg Code
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- Statistics
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- t Tests
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- Cluster Analysis
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- Descriptive Statistics
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- Fisher Exact Test
- Friedman Test
- Goodness-of-Fit Tests
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- Kruskal-Wallis Test
- Levene’s Homogeneity of Variance Test
- Logistic Regression
- Mann-Whitney Test
- Mantel-Haenszel Test
- McNemar Change Test
- Measures of Central Tendency
- Measures of Variability
- Median Test
- Mixed Model Analysis of Variance
- Multiple Linear Regression
- Multivariate Analysis of Variance
- Part Correlations
- Partial Correlations
- Path Analysis
- Pearson Correlation Coefficient
- Phi Correlation Coefficient
- Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance
- Simple Linear Regression
- Spearman Correlation Coefficient
- Standard Error of Measurement
- Stepwise Regression
- Structural Equation Modeling
- Survival Analysis
- Two-Way Analysis of Variance
- Two-Way Chi-Square
- Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
- Statistical Concepts
- p Value
- R2
- Alpha Level
- Autocorrelation
- Bonferroni Procedure
- Bootstrapping
- Categorical Data Analysis
- Central Limit Theorem
- Conditional Independence
- Convergence
- Correlation
- Data Mining
- Dummy Variables
- Effect Size
- Estimation Bias
- Eta Squared
- Gauss-Markov Theorem
- Holm’s Sequential Bonferroni Procedure
- Kurtosis
- Latent Class Analysis
- Local Independence
- Longitudinal Data Analysis
- Matrix Algebra
- Mediation Analysis
- Missing Data Analysis
- Multicollinearity
- Odds Ratio
- Parameter Invariance
- Parameter Mean Squared Error
- Parameter Random Error
- Post Hoc Analysis
- Power
- Power Analysis
- Probit Transformation
- Residuals
- Robust Statistics
- Sample Size
- Significance
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- Skewness
- Standard Deviation
- Type I Error
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- Type III Error
- Variance
- Winsorizing
- Statistical Models
- Teaching and Learning
- Active Learning
- Andragogy
- Bilingual Education, Research on
- College Success
- Constructivist Approach
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- Curriculum
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- Dropouts
- Evidence-Based Interventions
- Framework for Teaching
- Head Start
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- Instructional Objectives
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- Kindergarten
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- Laddering
- Learning Progressions
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- Learning Theories
- Literacy
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- Montessori Schools
- Out-of-School Activities
- Pygmalion Effect
- Quantitative Literacy
- Reading Comprehension
- Scaffolding
- School Leadership
- Self-Directed Learning
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- STEM Education
- Waldorf Schools
- Theories and Conceptual Frameworks
- g Theory of Intelligence
- Ability–Achievement Discrepancy
- Andragogy
- Applied Behavior Analysis
- Attribution Theory
- Behaviorism
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- Classical Conditioning
- Classical Test Theory
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Constructivist Approach
- Data-Driven Decision Making
- Debriefing
- Educational Psychology
- Educational Research, History of
- Emotional Intelligence
- Epistemologies, Teacher and Student
- Experimental Phonetics
- Feedback Intervention Theory
- Framework for Teaching
- Generalizability Theory
- Grounded Theory
- Improvement Science Research
- Information Processing Theory
- Instructional Theory
- Item Response Theory
- Learning Progressions
- Learning Styles
- Learning Theories
- Mastery Learning
- Multiple Intelligences, Theory of
- Naturalistic Inquiry
- Operant Conditioning
- Paradigm Shift
- Phenomenology
- Positivism
- Postpositivism
- Pragmatic Paradigm
- Premack Principle
- Punishment
- Reinforcement
- Response to Intervention
- School-Wide Positive Behavior Support
- Scientific Method
- Self-Directed Learning
- Social Cognitive Theory
- Social Learning
- Socio-Emotional Learning
- Speech-Language Pathology
- Terman Study of the Gifted
- Transformative Paradigm
- Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
- True Score
- Unitary View of Validity
- Universal Design in Education
- Wicked Problems
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Threats to Research Validity
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