The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and
                    Evaluation

Daniel Tan-lei Shek; Xiaoqin Zhu

doi:10.4135/9781506326139

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Pretest–Posttest Designs

By: Daniel Tan-lei Shek & Xiaoqin Zhu
In:The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139
Subject:Special & Inclusive Education (general), Emotional Intelligence
Keywords:control groups; dependent variables; evaluation; internal validity; quasi-experimental designs; research design

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Pretest–Posttest Designs

In single-group pretest–posttest designs, or pretest–posttest designs, the dependent variable or variables are measured before the intervention (i.e., the pretest) and after the intervention (i.e., the posttest). Typically, measures used in ...

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  Shek, D., & Zhu, X. (2018). Pretest–posttest designs. In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation (Vol. 4, pp. -). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139
  
  Shek, Daniel Tan-lei, and Xiaoqin Zhu. "Pretest–Posttest Designs." In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation, . Thousand Oaks,: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2018. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139.
  
  Shek, D. and Zhu, X. 2018. Pretest–Posttest Designs. In: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation. Thousand Oaks,: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. Available at: <https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139> [Accessed 9 Dec 2023].
  
  Shek, Daniel Tan-lei and Xiaoqin Zhu. "Pretest–Posttest Designs." The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation. Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks,: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2018, pp. . Sage Knowledge, doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506326139.
  
  Shek, Daniel Tan-lei, and Xiaoqin Zhu. Pretest–posttest designs. In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation. Vol. 4. Thousand Oaks,: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2018: -. doi:10.4135/9781506326139
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