- Entry
- Reader's guide
- Entries A-Z
- Subject index
Market Failure
The concept of market failure refers to the numerous ways in which real markets fail to display the characteristics and performances of theoretical or perfect markets and/or to generate social outcomes that are analytically superior to those produced by other means of societal allocation. The modern conception of ideal market exchange and its perceived benefits dates at least to the classic work of Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations (1776).
Characteristics of a Perfect Market
The concept of a perfect market is an abstraction. A perfect market is an exchange system featuring many buyers and sellers; actors who pursue rational self-interest with completely free choice and stable preferences; perfect information held by all the actors; goods that are all private in character in that their consumption ...
- Accounting
- Accounting, Ethics of
- Adelphia Communications
- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
- Arthur Andersen, LLP
- Auditing
- Bankers Trust
- Barings Bank
- Certified Public Accountants (CPAs)
- Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer (CECO)
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Consulting
- Consumption Taxes
- Contingent Valuation
- Corporate Inversion
- Cross-Subsidization
- Deceptive Practices
- Disclosure
- Double Taxation
- Economic Recovery Tax Act (ERTA)
- Enron Corporation
- Executive Compensation
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Fiduciary Duty
- Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
- Financial Derivatives
- Financial Services Industry
- Flat Tax
- Global Business Citizenship
- Global Crossing
- Government Accountability Office (GAO)
- Green Revolution
- Green Values
- Hedge Funds
- In-Kind Contributions
- Internal Audit
- Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
- International Tax Competitiveness Index
- Leveraged Buyouts
- Life Settlements
- Manipulation, Financial
- Mark-to-Market Accounting
- Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers
- Metallgesellschaft AG
- Money Laundering
- Net Present Value
- Option Backdating
- Ponzi Scheme
- Privacy
- Professional Ethics
- Profits
- Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
- Regressive Tax
- Regulation and Regulatory Agencies
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act
- Savings and Loan Scandal
- Social Audits
- Soft Money
- Tax Avoidance and Evasion
- Tax Ethics
- Tax Havens
- Tax Incentives
- Tax Incidence
- Tax Reform Act
- Transaction Costs
- Transfer Pricing
- Transparency
- Transparency, Market
- Triple Bottom Line
- Tyco International
- Value-Added Tax (VAT)
- Vatican Bank
- WorldCom
- Biographies
- Arendt, Hannah
- Aristotle
- Arrow, Kenneth
- Bentham, Jeremy
- Boesky, Ivan
- Buchanan, James McGill, Jr.
- Carnegie, Andrew
- Coase, Ronald H.
- Confucius
- Engels, Friedrich
- Ferguson, Adam
- Friedman, Milton
- Galbraith, John Kenneth
- George, Henry
- Grasso, Richard
- Habermas, Jürgen
- Hayek, Friedrich A.
- Hobbes, Thomas
- Hume, David
- Kant, Immanuel
- Keynes, J. M.
- Kierkegaard, Søren
- Kohlberg, Lawrence
- Locke, John
- MacIntyre, Alasdair
- Mandeville, Bernard
- Marx, Karl
- Milken, Michael Robert
- Mill, John Stuart
- Mises, Ludwig von
- Nietzsche, Friedrich
- North, Douglass
- Nozick, Robert
- Pareto, Vilfredo
- Rand, Ayn
- Rawls, John
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
- Schumpeter, Joseph
- Sen, Amartya
- Sidgwick, Henry
- Silkwood, Karen
- Smith, Adam
- Spencer, Herbert
- Stewart, Martha
- Tawney, Richard Henry
- Veblen, Thorstein
- Weber, Max
- Commerce and the Social Sphere
- Anchor Institutions
- Bait-and-Switch Practices
- Benefits, Employee
- Business, Purpose of
- Campaign Finance Laws
- Cartels
- Casino Capitalism
- Censorship
- Child Labor
- Children, Marketing to
- Codes of Conduct, Ethical and Professional
- Collectivism
- Commerce and the Arts
- Competition
- Confidentiality Agreements
- Conflict Zones, Operating Businesses in
- Corporate Citizenship
- Corporate Governance
- Corporate Moral Agency
- Corporate Philanthropy
- Corporate Political Advocacy
- Corporate Social Financial Performance
- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Social Performance (CSP)
- Corporate Social Responsiveness
- Corporatism
- Cost–Benefit Analysis
- Cowboy Capitalism
- Crisis Management
- Crony Capitalism
- Deceptive Advertising
- Deceptive Practices
- Developing Countries, Business Ethics in
- Disability Discrimination
- Diversity in the Workplace
- Divestment
- Downsizing
- Drone Technology
- Employee Monitoring and Surveillance
- Employee Relations
- Employee Rights Movement
- Employment Contracts
- Employment Discrimination
- Empowerment
- Entrepreneurship
- Entrepreneurship, Ethics of
- Equal Employment Opportunity
- Ethical Role of the Manager
- Executive Compensation
- Family-Friendly Corporation
- Fiduciary Duty
- Free Speech in the Workplace
- Genetic Information in the Workplace
- Glass Ceiling
- Global Business Citizenship
- Global Codes of Conduct
- Greenwashing
- Hostile Work Environment
- Incentives, Perverse
- Incipiency Doctrine
- Insider Trading
- Integrative Economic Ethics
- Integrity Capital
- International Business Ethics
- Islamic Finance
- Job Security
- KLD Social Rankings
- Leadership
- Liability Theory
- Living Wage
- Local Government Financing Vehicle (LGFV)
- Luddites and Ludditism
- Meaningful Work
- Minimum Wage
- Organizational Culture and Context
- Organizational Moral Distress
- Outsourcing
- Paternalism
- Pensions
- Pollution
- Power, Business
- Predatory Pricing and Trading
- Pretexting
- Price Discrimination
- Price-Fixing
- Pricing, Ethical Issues in
- Private Military Company
- Product Liability
- Professional Ethics
- Profit Maximization, Corporate Social Responsibility as
- Profits
- Public Relations
- Recalls, Voluntary
- Recycling
- Reputation Management
- Restraint of Trade
- Risk
- Risk Management
- Scandals, Corporate
- Self-Regulation
- Small Business Ethics
- Social Accountability (SA)
- Social Activists
- Social Audits
- Social Determinants
- Social Entrepreneurship
- Stakeholder Dialogue
- Stakeholder Network
- Stakeholder Symbiosis
- Stakeholder Theory
- Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility
- Strategic Philanthropy
- Stress, Job-Related
- Sweatshops
- Teleopathy
- Too Big to Fail
- Transparency, Market
- Triple Bottom Line
- Trusts
- Unconscionability of Contracts
- Values, Cultural
- Venture Capital
- Vice
- Violence in the Workplace
- Warranties
- Wealth Creation
- Women in the Workplace
- Working Conditions
- Work-Life Balance
- Workplace Privacy
- Corporate Powers, Organization, and Governance
- Keiretsu
- Agency, Theory of
- Antitrust Laws
- Bankruptcy, Ethical Issues in
- Benefit Corporation (B Corporation)
- Berle-Dodd Debate
- Business Judgment Rule
- Business Law
- Business, Purpose of
- Capitalism
- Cartels
- Chaebol
- Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer (CECO)
- Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Chief Operating Officer (COO)
- Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
- Chief Risk Officer (CRO)
- Closely Held Corporation
- Codes of Conduct, Ethical and Professional
- Confidentiality Agreements
- Cooperatives
- Corporate Accountability
- Corporate Democracy Act
- Corporate Ethics and Compliance Programs
- Corporate Governance
- Corporate Rights and Personhood
- Corporation, Origins and Nature
- Deferred Compensation Plans
- Directors, Classified Boards of
- Directors, Corporate
- Downsizing
- Due Diligence
- Economic Growth
- Economic Incentives
- Employee Monitoring and Surveillance
- Employee Relations
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
- Employment Discrimination
- Enterprise Risk Management
- Entrepreneurship
- Ethical Role of the Manager
- Executive Compensation
- Family Office
- Family-Run Enterprise
- Firm, Theory of the
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
- Free Market
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Freedom of Contract
- Freelance Services Economy
- Glass Ceiling
- Golden Parachutes
- Herfindahl Index
- Incentive Compatibility
- Incipiency Doctrine
- Industrial Policy
- Integrative Economic Ethics
- Integrity Capital
- Internal Audit
- KLD Social Rankings
- Laissez-Faire
- Leadership
- Leveraged Buyouts
- LLC (Limited Liability Company)
- LLP (Limited Liability Partnership)
- Local Government Financing Vehicles (LGFV)
- Low-Profit Limited Liability Company (L3C)
- Managed Competition
- Market Failure
- Market for Corporate Control
- Market Socialism
- Mentoring
- Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers
- Minority Shareholders
- Mission and Mission Statements
- Mixed Economy
- Monopolies, Duopolies, and Oligopolies
- Monopsony
- Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
- Nationalization
- Nonprofit Organizations
- Ombudsperson
- Open-Book Management
- Ownership and Control
- Participatory Management
- Power, Business
- Privatization
- Profits
- Property and Property Rights
- Resource Allocation
- Self-Regulation
- Servant Leadership
- Shareholder Activism
- Shareholder Model of Corporate Governance
- Shareholder Primacy
- Shareholder Resolutions
- Shareholder Wealth Maximization
- Shareholders
- Silk Road, New
- Social Determinants
- Social Enterprise, Structure of
- Sole Proprietorship
- Spontaneous Order
- Stakeholder Dialogue
- Stakeholder Economy
- Stakeholder Engagement
- Stakeholder Network
- Stakeholder Responsibility
- Stakeholder Symbiosis
- Stakeholder Theory
- Statism
- Subsidiarity
- Trusts
- Virtual Corporation
- Virtue and Leadership
- Wealth
- Wealth Creation
- Whistle-Blowing
- Customers and Consumers
- Advertising Ethics
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Antitrust Laws
- Bait-and-Switch Practices
- Better Business Bureau
- Black Market
- Bluffing and Deception in Negotiations
- Boycotts
- Cartels
- Churning
- Coercion
- Commodification
- Competition
- Confidentiality
- Conspicuous Consumption
- Consumer Activism
- Consumer Fraud
- Consumer Goods
- Consumer Preferences
- Consumer Product Safety Commission
- Consumer Protection Legislation
- Consumer Rights
- Consumer Sovereignty
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Consumerism
- Consumption Taxes
- Contracts
- Cybersecurity
- Dalkon Shield
- Data Breaches, Corporate
- Deceptive Advertising
- Deceptive Practices
- Disability Discrimination
- Disclosure
- Electronic Commerce
- Ethics and the Tobacco Industry
- Ethics of Care
- Ethics of Persuasion
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Fair Trade
- Fairness
- Ford Pinto
- Fraud
- Free Market
- Freedom of Contract
- Freelance Services Economy
- Gay Rights
- Gender Inequality and Discrimination
- Global Well-Being Index
- Honesty
- Hotlines and Helplines
- Identity Theft
- Implied Warranties
- Information Technology and Privacy
- Informed Consent
- Johns-Manville
- Just Price
- Legal Rights
- Lemon Laws
- Madoff Scandal
- Market Bubbles
- Market for Lemons
- Merck & Co.
- Minorities
- Mobile Security
- Monopolies, Duopolies, and Oligopolies
- National Origin Discrimination
- Negotiation and Bargaining
- Network Security
- Paternalism
- Patients’ Bill of Rights
- Personalization
- Phishing
- Ponzi Scheme
- Predatory Pricing and Trading
- Preferential Treatment
- Price Discrimination
- Price-Fixing
- Pricing, Ethical Issues in
- Privacy
- Product Liability
- Promises
- Prudent Investor Rule
- Racial Discrimination
- Recalls, Voluntary
- Regulation and Regulatory Agencies
- Rent Control
- Restraint of Trade
- Scandals, Corporate
- Stakeholder Economy
- Stakeholder Engagement
- Stakeholder Responsibility
- Stakeholder Theory
- Surplus, Consumer and Producer
- Targeted Marketing
- Transaction Costs
- Truth Telling
- Tylenol Tampering
- Underground Economy
- Usury
- Wage-and-Price Controls
- Warranties
- Economic Concepts, Thoughts, and Theories
- Adverse Selection
- Agency, Theory of
- Arbitrage
- Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem
- Asymmetric Information
- Auction Market
- Austrian School of Economics
- Barriers to Entry and Exit
- Barter
- Bayesian Approach
- Bounded Rationality
- Capitalism
- Carrying Capacity
- Coase Theorem
- Collective Choice
- Commanding Heights
- Commons, The
- Commons, Tragedy of the
- Communism
- Comparative Advantage
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Creative Destruction
- Crowding Out
- Deadweight Loss
- Debt, Consumer and Personal
- Debt, Corporate
- Debt, Sovereign
- Decision-Making Models
- Development Economics
- Discounting the Future
- Dumping
- Economic Efficiency
- Economic Growth
- Economic Incentives
- Economic Integration
- Economic Patriotism
- Economic Rationality
- Economic Sanctions
- Economic Systems
- Economics and Ethics
- Economics of Well-Being (Post-Welfarist Economics)
- Economies of Scale
- Efficient Markets, Theory of
- Equilibrium
- Evolutionary Psychology
- Expected Utility
- Externalities
- Financial Contagion
- Financial Crisis of 2008–2011
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Game Theory
- Gini Index
- Global Economic Order
- Gold Standard
- Great Depression
- Great Recession
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP)
- Herfindahl Index
- Human Capital
- Incipiency Doctrine
- Income Distribution
- Index of Economic Freedom
- Industrial Policy
- Inflation
- Information Costs
- Institutional Economics
- Institutional Framing
- Invisible Hand
- Kaldor-Hicks Efficiency
- Laissez-Faire
- Managed Competition
- Marginal Utility
- Market Failure
- Market Power
- Market Socialism
- Marxism
- Maximum Sustainable Yield
- Methodological Individualism
- Mixed Economy
- Monetary Policy
- Money
- Monopsony
- Moral Hazard
- Nash Equilibrium
- Natural Capital
- Neoconservatism
- Net Present Value
- Opportunity Cost
- Pareto Efficiency
- Partial Equilibrium
- Perfect Market and Market Imperfections
- Political Economy
- Positive Economics
- Primary Goods
- Prisoner’s Dilemma
- Private Good
- Productive Efficiency
- Profits
- Protectionism
- Public Choice Theory
- Public Domain
- Public Goods
- Quantitative Easing
- Rational Choice Theory
- Rents, Economic
- Resource Allocation
- Revealed Preference
- Risk
- Shadow Banking
- Side Payments
- Side-Constraints
- Signaling
- Social Capital
- Social Costs
- Social Discount Rate
- Social Efficiency
- Socialism
- Speculation and Speculator
- Spontaneous Order
- Subsidies
- Supply-Side Economics
- Systemic Financial Risk
- Too Big to Fail
- Trade
- Trade Balance
- Transfer Pricing
- Unfair Competition
- Unintended Consequences, Law of
- Usury
- Von Neumann-Morgenstern Utility Function
- Wage Stagnation
- Water Crises
- Wealth
- Wealth Creation
- Welfare Economics
- Winner’s Curse
- Employee Issues
- Guanxi
- 24/7 Availability
- Adverse Selection
- Affirmative Action
- AFL-CIO
- Age Discrimination
- AIDS, Social and Ethical Implications for Business
- American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Benefits, Employee
- Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer (CECO)
- Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Chief Operating Officer (COO)
- Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
- Child Labor
- Civil Rights
- Codes of Conduct, Ethical and Professional
- Coercion
- Comparable Worth
- Compensation
- Confidentiality
- Conflict of Interest
- Deferred Compensation Plans
- Disability Discrimination
- Diversity in the Workplace
- Downsizing
- Due Process
- Employee Monitoring and Surveillance
- Employee Protection and Workplace Safety Legislation
- Employee Relations
- Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)
- Employee Rights Movement
- Employee Silence
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
- Employment at Will
- Employment Contracts
- Employment Discrimination
- Entitlements
- Equal Employment Opportunity
- Equal Opportunity
- Equal Pay Act
- Ethical Role of the Manager
- Ethics & Compliance Association
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Executive Compensation
- Exploitation
- Extortion
- Fair Labor Association (FLA)
- Family-Friendly Corporation
- Free Riders
- Free Speech in the Workplace
- Freedom of Contract
- Garnishment
- Gay Rights
- Gender Inequality and Discrimination
- Genetic Information in the Workplace
- Glass Ceiling
- Globalization
- Golden Parachutes
- Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)
- Honesty
- Hostile Work Environment
- Hotlines and Helplines
- Incentive Compatibility
- Incentive Compensation
- Income Distribution
- Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
- Insider Trading
- Intellectual Capital
- Intergenerational Equity
- Job Security
- Just Wage
- Labor Standards
- Labor Unions
- Leadership
- Legal Rights
- Leisure
- Living Wage
- Loyalty
- Luddites and Ludditism
- Maquiladoras
- Meaningful Work
- Mentoring
- Meritocracy
- Minimum Wage
- Minorities
- National Labor Relations Board
- National Origin Discrimination
- Negotiation and Bargaining
- Occupational Licensure
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Ombudsperson
- Outsourcing
- Participatory Management
- Paternalism
- Patriarchy
- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC)
- Pensions
- Preferential Treatment
- Privacy
- Protestant Work Ethic
- Racial Discrimination
- Religious Discrimination
- Reverse Discrimination
- Revolving Door
- Right to Work
- Robots and Automation
- Role Model
- Self-Interest
- Self-Realization
- Servant Leadership
- Sexual Harassment
- Slavery
- Social Ethics
- Stakeholder Theory
- Stress, Job-Related
- Subsidiarity
- Sweatshops
- Trade Secrets, Corporate Espionage and
- Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
- Unemployment
- Violence in the Workplace
- Wage Stagnation
- Wage-and-Price Controls
- Wages for Housework
- Whistle-Blower Protection
- Whistle-Blowing
- Women in the Workplace
- Work and Family
- Work Ethic
- Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN Act)
- Working Conditions
- Work-Life Balance
- Workplace Bullying
- Workplace Privacy
- Workplace Safety
- Energy
- Exxon Valdez
- Acid Rain
- Agribusiness
- Carbon Offsets
- Carrying Capacity
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards
- Deepwater Horizon Disaster
- Ecosystems
- Emissions Trading
- Energiewende
- Energy Markets
- Energy Sources
- Environmental Ethics
- Environmentalism
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Food Crises
- Gaia Hypothesis
- Industrial Revolution
- Kyoto Protocol
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- Natural Resources
- Northwest Passage
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
- Pollution Externalities, Socially Efficient Regulation of
- Pollution Right
- Silk Road, Maritime
- Silk Road, New
- Teapot Dome Scandal
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- U.S. Energy Revolution
- U.S. Rural Electrification Programs
- Environmental Issues
- Exxon Valdez
- Acid Rain
- Agrarianism
- Agribusiness
- Animal Rights
- Animal Rights Movement
- Anthropocentrism
- Bhopal
- Biocentrism
- Biodiversity
- Bioethics
- Bureau of Land Management
- Bureau of Reclamation
- Carbon Offsets
- Carrying Capacity
- Caux Principles
- Chernobyl
- Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES)
- Coase Theorem
- Commodification
- Commons, Tragedy of the
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards
- Darwinism and Ethics
- Deep Ecology
- Developing World
- Discounting the Future
- Drone Technology
- Ecological Footprint
- Ecologically Sustainable Organization (ESO)
- Economic Growth
- Ecosystems
- Eminent Domain
- Emissions Trading
- Environmental Assessment
- Environmental Colonialism
- Environmental Ethics
- Environmental Intelligence
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Environmental Protection Legislation and Regulation
- Environmentalism
- Environmentalism, Free Market
- Evolution
- Externalities
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Factory Farming
- Food Crises
- Gaia Hypothesis
- Genetic Engineering
- Genetically Modified Organisms
- Genetics and Ethics
- Global Reporting Initiative
- Globalization
- Green Marketing
- Green Revolution
- Green Values
- Greenhouse Effect
- Greenwashing
- Habitat Integrity
- Hazardous Waste
- Intergenerational Equity
- Johns-Manville
- Justice, Environmental
- Kyoto Protocol
- Land Ethic
- Livable Cities
- Love Canal
- Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic
- Maximum Sustainable Yield
- Monkeywrenching
- Monsanto
- Montreal Protocol
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- Natural Assets (Nonuse Values)
- Natural Capital
- Natural Resources
- Natural Resources Defense Council
- NIMBY (Not in My Backyard) Phenomenon
- Northwest Passage
- Nuclear Power
- Ozone Depletion
- People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)
- Pollution
- Pollution Externalities, Socially Efficient Regulation of
- Pollution Havens
- Pollution Right
- Population Growth
- Privatization of Public Goods
- Property and Property Rights
- Property Rights, Lockean
- Recycling
- Resource Allocation
- Rocky Flats
- Social Costs
- Speciesism
- Sprawl
- Stewardship
- Supply Chain, Sustainable
- Sustainability
- Toxic Waste
- Triple Bottom Line
- U.S. Energy Revolution
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- United Nations Global Compact
- Waste
- Water Crises
- Wilderness
- World Resources Institute (WRI)
- Ethical Applications and Practice
- Accountability
- Aesthetics
- Agrarianism
- Agriculture, Ethics of
- Anarchism
- Animal Rights
- Anthropocentrism
- Authenticity
- Authority
- Autonomy
- Benevolence and Beneficence
- Biocentrism
- Bioethics
- Bribery
- Business Ethics
- Business Ethics Scholarship
- Casuistry
- Catholic Social Thought and Business Ethics
- Censorship
- Charity, Duty of
- Christian Ethics
- Civil Rights
- Coercion
- Cognitive Moral Development
- Collusion
- Colonialism
- Commensurability
- Commonsense Morality
- Complicity
- Conflict of Interest
- Conscience
- Consent
- Consulting
- Contempt
- Corruption
- Darwinism and Ethics
- Descriptive Ethics
- Dilemmas, Ethical
- Due Process
- Economics and Ethics
- Empathy
- Empowerment
- Environmental Ethics
- Envy-Free Theory
- Equal Opportunity
- Ethical Decision Making
- Ethical Imperialism
- Ethics of Care
- Ethics of Dialogue
- Evil, Problem of
- Evolutionary Psychology
- Extortion
- Fidelity
- Fiduciary Duty
- Genetics and Ethics
- Golden Rule, The
- Goodwill
- Honesty
- Humanities and Business Ethics
- Immorality
- Impartiality
- Individualism
- Inductive Reasoning
- In-Kind Contributions
- Institutional Framing
- Instrumental Value
- Integrity
- Interpersonal Comparison of Utility
- Justice, Restorative
- Legal Rights
- Liberalism
- Loyalty
- Majoritarianism
- Meritocracy
- Methodologies of Business Ethics Research
- Moral Agency
- Moral Disengagement
- Moral Distress
- Moral Education
- Moral Emotions
- Moral Imagination
- Moral Injury
- Moral Intensity
- Moral Luck
- Moral Muteness
- Moral Partiality
- Moral Principle
- Moral Repair
- Moral Rules
- Moral Standing
- Moral Well-Being
- Morality, Public and Private
- Natural Business Ethics
- Natural Capital
- Negligence
- Opportunism
- Other-Regardingness
- Ought Implies Can
- Paternalism
- Patriarchy
- Plagiarism
- Pluralism
- Positivism
- Pragmatism
- Promises
- Property Rights, Lockean
- Prudence
- Reciprocal Altruism
- Redistribution of Wealth
- Relativism, Cultural
- Scientific Funding, Ethical Issues in
- Self-Consciousness
- Self-Deception
- Self-Interest
- Self-Ownership
- Self-Realization
- Self-Regardingness
- Self-Respect
- Social Activists
- Social Contract Theory
- Spirituality
- Stewardship
- Supererogation
- Teaching Business Ethics
- Teleopathy
- Truth Telling
- Unconscionability of Contracts
- Unfair Competition
- Universalizability, Principle of
- Vice
- Voluntarism
- Volunteerism
- Well-Being
- Ethical Thought and Theory
- Absolutism, Ethical
- Altruism
- Amorality
- Argument and Argumentation
- Buddhist Ethics
- Cognitivism and Ethics
- Communicative Ethics
- Confucianism
- Consequentialist Ethical Systems
- Deductive Reasoning
- Deontological Ethical Systems
- Desert
- Determinism
- Dignity
- Divine Command Theory
- Doctrine of Double Effect
- Due Care Theory
- Duty
- Egoism
- Emotivism
- Epistemology
- Equal Sacrifice Theory
- Equality
- Ethical Naturalism
- Ethical Nihilism
- Ethics, Theories of
- Evil
- Existentialism
- Fact–Value Distinction
- Fairness
- Feminist Ethics
- Feminist Theory
- Free Will
- Hedonism, Ethical
- Hedonism, Psychological
- Human Nature
- Human Rights
- Ideal Observer Theory
- Immorality
- Intergenerational Equity
- Intrinsic Value
- Intuitionism
- Is–Ought Problem
- Islamic Ethics
- Jainist Ethics
- Jewish Ethics
- Justice, Compensatory
- Justice, Retributive
- Kantian Ethics
- Maternal Ethics
- Metaethics
- Metaphysics
- Moral Emotions
- Moral Point of View
- Moral Realism
- Moral Reasoning
- Moral Sentimentalism
- Motives and Self-Interest
- Natural Law Ethical Theory
- Naturalistic Fallacy
- Neo-Kantian Ethics
- Nihilism
- Noncognitivism
- Normative Ethics
- Normative Theory Versus Positive Theory
- Normative/Descriptive Distinction
- Objectivism
- Platonism
- Postmodernism
- Prima Facie Duties
- Property and Property Rights
- Rationality
- Rationality and Ethics
- Reductionism
- Relativism, Moral
- Responsibility
- Rights, Theories of
- Shame
- Situation Ethics
- Skepticism, Moral
- Slippery Slope Argument
- Social Ethics
- Taoist Ethics
- Trust
- Utilitarianism
- Utility
- Utility, Principle of
- Values, Cultural
- Values, Personal
- Virtue
- Virtue Ethics
- Finance
- Agency, Theory of
- Amaranth Advisors
- Angel Investors
- Arbitrage
- Asymmetric Information
- Auction Market
- Banking Secrecy
- Bankruptcy, Ethical Issues in
- Barter
- Basel Accords
- Blue Sky Laws
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Churning
- Commercial and Investment Banks
- Conflict of Interest
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Contingent Valuation
- Cost–Benefit Analysis
- Credit Default Swaps
- Debt, Consumer and Personal
- Debt, Corporate
- Deceptive Practices
- Deferred Compensation Plans
- Disclosure
- Dividend Arbitrage
- Doubling Strategies
- Due Diligence
- Economic Incentives
- Economics and Ethics
- Efficient Markets, Theory of
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
- Energy Markets
- European Central Bank (ECB)
- Fannie Mae
- Fiduciary Duty
- Fiduciary Norm
- Finance, Ethics of
- Financial Contagion
- Financial Crisis of 2008–2011
- Financial Derivatives
- Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
- Financial Reregulation
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
- Fraud
- Freddie Mac
- Gambling
- Glass-Steagall Act
- Golden Parachutes
- Grameen Bank
- Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
- Great Recession
- Hedge Fund Activism
- Hedge Funds
- High Frequency Trading
- Impact Investing
- Incentive Compatibility
- Incentive Compensation
- Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
- Information Costs
- Insider Trading
- Insurance
- Islamic Finance
- Leverage
- Leveraged Buyouts
- Life Settlements
- London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) Scandal
- London Whale, JPMorgan’s
- Madoff Scandal
- Manipulation, Financial
- Market Bubbles
- Market Failure
- Market for Corporate Control
- Market for Lemons
- Market Timing
- Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers
- Microfinance
- Mobile Banking
- Money
- Money Laundering
- Mutual Funds
- Nationally Recognized Statistical Ranking Organization (NRSRO)
- Net Present Value
- Opportunity Cost
- Option Backdating
- Pensions
- Peregrine Financial Group (PFGBest)
- Perfect Market and Market Imperfections
- Ponzi Scheme
- Profit Maximization, Corporate Social Responsibility as
- Profits
- Prudent Investor Rule
- Reasonable Person Standard
- Religiously Motivated Investing
- Risk
- Risk Management
- Securitization
- Shadow Banking
- Shareholder Model of Corporate Governance
- Shareholder Wealth Maximization
- Signaling
- Société Générale
- Social Discount Rate
- Socially Responsible Investing (SRI)
- Soft Dollar Brokerage
- Soft Money
- Sovereign Wealth Funds
- Speculation and Speculator
- Speculation, Excessive
- Strategic Default
- Systemic Financial Risk
- Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFI)
- Too Big to Fail
- Transaction Costs
- Transfer Pricing
- Transparency, Market
- Trustees
- UBS (Union Bank of Switzerland)
- Usury
- Virtual Currencies
- Vulture Investors
- Wealth Creation
- Winner’s Curse
- Gender, Age, Ethnicity, Diversity, and Sexual Orientation
- Adverse Selection
- Affirmative Action
- Age Discrimination
- American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
- Birth Control
- Business Ethics and Health Care
- Child Labor
- Children, Marketing to
- Civil Rights
- Codes of Conduct, Ethical and Professional
- Comparable Worth
- Diversity in the Workplace
- Due Process
- Employee Relations
- Employee Rights Movement
- Employment Discrimination
- Entitlements
- Equal Employment Opportunity
- Equal Opportunity
- Equal Pay Act
- Equality
- Ethics of Care
- Evolution
- Exploitation
- Fairness
- Family-Friendly Corporation
- Feminist Ethics
- Feminist Theory
- Gay Rights
- Gender Inequality and Discrimination
- Genetic Information in the Workplace
- Glass Ceiling
- Hostile Work Environment
- Human Flourishing
- Human Genome Project
- Human Rights
- Impartiality
- Individualism
- Job Security
- Just Wage
- Legal Rights
- Lesbian Ethics
- Living Wage
- Maternal Ethics
- Media and Violence
- Mentoring
- Minimum Wage
- Minorities
- Multiculturalism
- National Origin Discrimination
- Patriarchy
- Pornography
- Postmodernism and Business Ethics
- Preferential Treatment
- Racial Discrimination
- Religious Discrimination
- Reverse Discrimination
- Right to Work
- Self-Ownership
- Sexual Harassment
- Slavery
- Social Engineering
- Solidarity
- Stem Cell Research
- Stewardship
- Stress, Job-Related
- Violence in the Workplace
- Wages for Housework
- Women in the Workplace
- Women’s Movement
- Work and Family
- Work-Life Balance
- Workplace Bullying
- Workplace Privacy
- Human Health
- 24/7 Availability
- Acid Rain
- Affordable Care Act
- Agriculture, Ethics of
- American Medical Association
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Biodiversity
- Bioethics
- Business Ethics and Health Care
- Child Labor
- Dalkon Shield
- Darwinism and Ethics
- Ethics and the Tobacco Industry
- Ethics of Care
- Evolution
- Food and Drug Safety Legislation
- Food Crises
- Genetic Engineering
- Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
- Global Well-Being Index
- Hazardous Waste
- Health Care, Right to
- Health Insurance
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)
- Human Genome Project
- Individual Mandate
- Longevity Risk
- Marijuana, Issues Concerning
- Maternal Ethics
- Medicaid
- Medical Records
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- Neuroethics
- Neuroscience, Ethical Issues in
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Organ Transplantation, Ethical Issues in
- Ozone Depletion
- Pandemics
- Patients’ Bill of Rights
- Reproductive Health
- Scientific Funding, Ethical Issues in
- Speciesism
- Stem Cell Research
- Toxic Waste
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Workplace Bullying
- Workplace Safety
- World Health Organization
- Information Systems and Computing
- Apache Hadoop
- Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
- Big Data
- Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer (CECO)
- Chief Privacy Officer (CPO)
- Cloud Computing
- Communications Decency Act
- Communications Workers of America
- Consumer Rights
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Cyberadvocacy
- Cybersecurity
- Dark Pools
- Data Analytics
- Data Breaches, Corporate
- Data Collection
- Data Mining
- Data Privacy
- Decision-Making Models
- Digital Divide
- Disruptive Technologies
- Domain Name System (DNS)
- Electronic Commerce
- Electronic Surveillance
- Employee Monitoring and Surveillance
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Facebook and Privacy
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
- Google and Privacy
- Identity Theft
- Incident Response
- Information Costs
- Information Security
- Information Technology and Privacy
- Internet and Computing Legislation
- Internet of Things (IoT)
- Malware
- Mobile Security
- Net Neutrality
- Network Security
- NoSQL
- Offshoring and Reshoring
- Online Education
- Outsourcing
- Passwords
- Personalization
- Phishing
- Pretexting
- Privacy
- Robots and Automation
- Smart Devices
- Social Media
- Social Media Analytics
- Technology Assessment
- Telecommunications Act
- Total Quality Management (TQM)
- Trade Secrets, Corporate Espionage and
- Transparency
- U.S. Bureau of the Census
- Virtual Currencies
- Workplace Privacy
- International Social, Management, and Ethical Issues
- Guanxi
- Keiretsu
- Zaibatsu
- African Business Ethics
- Alien Tort Claims Act
- Arms Trade
- Austrian School of Economics
- Bank of Credit and Commerce International
- Barings Bank
- Bhopal
- Bilderberg Group
- Biodiversity
- Bottom of the Pyramid
- Bretton Woods Institutions
- Buddhist Ethics
- Bushido
- Capitalism
- Cartels
- Caux Principles
- China, Rise of
- Clarkson Principles for Business
- Colonialism
- Commons, The
- Conflict Zones, Operating Businesses in
- Confucianism
- Copyrights
- Council of Foreign Relations
- Cross-Cultural Consumer Marketing
- Cultural Imperialism
- Developing Countries, Business Ethics in
- Developing World
- Development Economics
- Digital Divide
- Divestment
- Doha Development Round of 2001
- Dumping
- Ease of Doing Business Index
- Economic Patriotism
- Economic Systems
- Environmental Colonialism
- Ethical Imperialism
- European Union
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Export Trading Company Act
- Export–Import Bank
- Fair Labor Association (FLA)
- Fair Trade
- Financial Contagion
- Food Crises
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Gaia Hypothesis
- Genetically Modified Organisms
- Gentrification
- Global Business Citizenship
- Global Business Environments
- Global Codes of Conduct
- Global Competitiveness Index
- Global Economic Order
- Global Reporting Initiative
- Global Well-Being Index
- Globalization
- Great Depression
- Great Recession
- Green Revolution
- Greenhouse Effect
- Human Genome Project
- Human Rights
- Immigration Reform and Control Act
- Index of Economic Freedom
- Industrial Revolution
- Inequality
- International Business Ethics
- International Labour Organization (ILO)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- International Tax Competitiveness Index
- International Trade
- Islamic Ethics
- Jainist Ethics
- Jewish Ethics
- Justice, Environmental
- Kyoto Protocol
- Labor Standards
- Livable Cities
- Local Government Financing Vehicle (LGFV)
- Longevity Risk
- Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic
- Maquiladoras
- Metallgesellschaft AG
- Montreal Protocol
- Most Favored Nation Status
- Multiculturalism
- Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
- Multinational Marketing
- National Origin Discrimination
- Nationalization
- Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)
- NIMBY (Not in My Backyard) Phenomenon
- Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)
- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
- Northwest Passage
- Nuclear Power
- Offshoring and Reshoring
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
- Outsourcing
- Ozone Depletion
- Parmalat
- Patents
- Piracy of Intellectual Property
- Political Risk
- Politicization of Business
- Pollution
- Population Growth
- Private Military Company
- Quality of Life
- Royal Ahold Company
- Rule of Law Index (World Justice Project)
- Secular Stagnation
- Silk Road, Maritime
- Silk Road, New
- Single European Act (SEA)
- Social Accountability International
- Socially Responsible Investing (SRI)
- Sovereign Wealth Fund
- Sprawl
- Supply Chain
- Supply Chain, Sustainable
- Taoist Ethics
- Tariffs and Quotas
- Tax Avoidance and Evasion
- Tax Havens
- Terrorism
- Trade
- Trade Balance
- Transparency International
- United Nations
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- United Nations Global Compact
- Urbanization
- USA PATRIOT Act
- Vatican Bank
- Water Crises
- Welfare State
- Worker Rights Consortium (WRC)
- World Bank
- World Economic Forum
- World Governance Indicators
- World Health Organization
- World Resources Institute (WRI)
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- World Wildlife Fund
- Laws, Agreements, Regulations, and Agendas
- Citizens United Case
- Administrative Procedures Act (APA)
- Affordable Care Act
- Airline Deregulation
- Alien Tort Claims Act
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Antitrust Laws
- Arbitrage, Regulatory
- Arbitration
- Basel Accords
- Black Market
- Blue Sky Laws
- Business Law
- Campaign Finance Laws
- Clarkson Principles for Business
- Collective Responsibility and Punishment
- Common Law
- Communications Decency Act
- Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)
- Confidentiality Agreements
- Consumer Protection Legislation
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards
- Corporate Democracy Act
- Corporate Ethics and Compliance Programs
- Corporate Inversion
- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
- Doha Development Round of 2001
- Economic Recovery Tax Act (ERTA)
- Employee Protection and Workplace Safety Legislation
- Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
- Employment Contracts
- Environmental Protection Legislation and Regulation
- Equal Pay Act of 1963
- Equator Principles
- Ethics in Government Act
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Export Trading Company Act
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Federal Sentencing Guidelines
- Food and Drug Safety Legislation
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA)
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Freedom of Information Act of (FOIA)
- Glass-Steagall Act
- Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- Immigration Reform and Control Act
- Interfaith Declaration of International Business Ethics
- Internet and Computing Legislation
- Kyoto Protocol
- Legal Ethics
- Lemon Laws
- Liability Theory
- Litigation, Civil
- Medicaid
- Medicare
- Miller-Tydings Act
- Montreal Protocol
- Most Favored Nation Status
- Mutual Funds
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- National Industrial Recovery Act
- National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act
- Nationally Recognized Statistical Ranking Organization (NRSRO)
- Norris-LaGuardia Act
- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
- Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act (OTCA)
- Prudent Investor Rule
- Public Utilities and Their Regulation
- Punitive Damages
- Reasonable Person Standard
- Reckless Endangerment
- Regulation and Regulatory Agencies
- Regulatory Flexibility Act
- Rehabilitation Act
- Rent Control
- Risk Retention Act
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act
- Single European Act (SEA)
- Sunset Laws
- Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFI)
- Tariffs and Quotas
- Tax Reform Act
- Telecommunications Act
- Torts
- Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP)
- UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
- UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME)
- Unconscionability of Contracts
- United Nations Global Compact
- USA PATRIOT Act
- Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN Act)
- Management
- Citizens United Case
- Administrative Procedures Act (APA)
- Affordable Care Act
- Airline Deregulation
- Alien Tort Claims Act
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
- Americans with Disabilities Act
- Antitrust Laws
- Arbitrage, Regulatory
- Arbitration
- Basel Accords
- Black Market
- Blue Sky Laws
- Business Law
- Campaign Finance Laws
- Clarkson Principles for Business
- Collective Punishment and Responsibility
- Common Law
- Communications Decency Act
- Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)
- Confidentiality Agreements
- Consumer Protection Legislation
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards
- Corporate Democracy Act
- Corporate Ethics and Compliance Programs
- Corporate Inversion
- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
- Doha Development Round of 2001
- Economic Recovery Tax Act (ERTA)
- Employee Protection and Workplace Safety Legislation
- Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
- Employment Contracts
- Environmental Protection Legislation and Regulation
- Equal Pay Act
- Equator Principles
- Ethics in Government Act
- European Union Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications
- Export Trading Company Act
- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
- Federal Sentencing Guidelines
- Food and Drug Safety Legislation
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
- Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA)
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
- Glass Steagall Act
- Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- Immigration Reform and Control Act
- Interfaith Declaration of International Business Ethics
- Internet and Computing Legislation
- Kyoto Protocol
- Legal Ethics
- Lemon Laws
- Liability Theory
- Litigation, Civil
- Medicaid
- Medicare
- Miller-Tydings Act
- Montreal Protocol
- Most Favored Nation Status
- Mutual Funds
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- National Industrial Recovery Act
- National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act
- Nationally Recognized Statistical Ranking Organization (NRSRO)
- Norris-LaGuardia Act
- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
- Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act (OTCA)
- Prudent Investor Rule
- Public Utilities and Their Regulation
- Punitive Damages
- Reasonable Person Standard
- Reckless Endangerment
- Regulation and Regulatory Agencies
- Regulatory Flexibility Act
- Rehabilitation Act
- Rent Control
- Risk Retention Act
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act
- Single European Act (SEA)
- Sunset Laws
- Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFI)
- Tariffs and Quotas
- Tax Reform Act
- Telecommunications Act
- Torts
- Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP)
- UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)
- UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME)
- Unconscionability of Contracts
- United Nations Global Compact
- USA PATRIOT Act
- Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN Act)
- Marketing, Advertising, and Public Relations
- Advertising Ethics
- Advertising, Subliminal
- Bait-and-Switch Practices
- Brands
- Cause Branding
- Cause-Related Marketing
- Children, Marketing to
- Consumer Fraud
- Consumer Preferences
- Consumer Rights
- Corporate Issues Management
- Corporate Philanthropy
- Corporate Political Advocacy
- Corporate Public Affairs
- Cross-Cultural Consumer Marketing
- Deceptive Advertising
- Deceptive Practices
- Ethics and the Tobacco Industry
- Ethics of Persuasion
- Green Marketing
- Greenwashing
- Implied Warranties
- Issue Ads
- Lobbying
- Marketing, Ethics of
- Multinational Marketing
- Networking
- Persuasive Advertising, Ethics of
- Public Relations
- Public Relations Ethics
- Recalls, Voluntary
- Reputation Management
- Social Media
- Strategic Philanthropy
- Targeted Marketing
- Tracking of Internet Browsing
- Trademarks
- Truth Telling
- Warranties
- Organizations and Institutions
- Exxon Valdez
- Zaibatsu
- AARP
- Academy of Management
- Adelphia Communications
- Advisory Panels and Committees
- AFL-CIO
- American Bar Association
- American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
- American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
- American Federation of Teachers
- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
- American Management Association
- American Medical Association
- Anchor Institutions
- Archer Daniels Midland
- Arthur Andersen, LLP
- Aspen Institute’s Business and Society Program
- Association for Computing Machinery
- Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN)
- Association of Trial Lawyers of America
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB International)
- Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI)
- Bankers Trust
- Barings Bank
- Basel Accords
- Better Business Bureau
- Bilderberg Group
- Bretton Woods Institutions
- Bureau of Land Management
- Bureau of National Affairs
- Bureau of Reclamation
- Business Ethics Networks
- Business Ethics Research Centers
- Business for Social Responsibility (BSR)
- Business Roundtable
- Canadian Business for Social Responsibility
- Cato Institute
- Caux Principles
- Central Bank
- Certified Public Accountants (CPAs)
- CFA Institute
- Chaebol
- Chamber of Commerce of the United States
- Chicago School of Economics
- Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES)
- Commercial and Investment Banks
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission
- Communications Workers of America
- Comptroller of the Currency
- Consumer Federation of America
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
- Consumer Product Safety Commission
- Corporate Responsibility Officers Association (CROA)
- Council of Economic Advisers
- Council of Foreign Relations
- Domini Social Investments
- Dow Corning
- Enron Corporation
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Ethics & Compliance Association (ECA)
- European Central Bank (ECB)
- European Union
- Export–Import Bank
- Fair Labor Association (FLA)
- Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- Federal Reserve System
- Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
- Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
- Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
- Foxconn Technology Group
- Freddie Mac
- Global Crossing
- Government Accountability Office (GAO)
- Grameen Bank
- Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)
- Hedge Funds
- Hewlett-Packard
- Institutional Framing
- Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
- International Association for Business and Society
- International Labour Organization (ILO)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
- International Society of Business, Economics, and Ethics (ISBEE)
- Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
- Johns-Manville
- Labor Unions
- Long-Term Capital Management
- Merck & Co.
- Metallgesellschaft AG
- Monsanto
- Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
- National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD)
- National Federation of Independent Business
- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
- National Labor Relations Board
- National Security Administration (NSA)
- National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)
- Nike, Inc.
- Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)
- Nonprofit Organizations
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
- Parmalat
- Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
- People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)
- Political Action Committees (PACs)
- Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
- Public Utilities and Their Regulation
- Regulation and Regulatory Agencies
- Rocky Flats
- Royal Ahold Company
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Securities Industry Association
- Security Industry Association
- Small Business Administration (SBA)
- Société Générale
- Social Accountability International
- Social Investment Forum
- Society for Business Ethics
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- Trade Associations
- Transparency International
- Trilateral Commission
- Tyco International
- U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
- U.S. Bureau of the Census
- U.S. Department of Justice
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- United Nations
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
- Vatican Bank
- Worker Rights Consortium (WRC)
- World Bank
- World Economic Forum
- World Health Organization
- World Resources Institute (WRI)
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- World Wildlife Fund
- Political Theory, Thought, and Policy
- Anarchism
- Campaign Finance Laws
- Capitalism
- Civil Rights
- Common Law
- Commons, Tragedy of the
- Communism
- Conflict Zones, Operating Businesses in
- Corporate Political Advocacy
- Deterrence Theory
- Developing Countries, Business Ethics in
- Divestment
- Dumping
- Ease of Doing Business Index
- Economic Sanctions
- Economic Systems
- Eminent Domain
- Entitlements
- European Union
- Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
- Free Trade, Free Trade Agreements, Free Trade Zones
- Freedom and Liberty
- Global Business Environments
- Globalization
- Government Failure
- Incipiency Doctrine
- Industrial Policy
- Integrative Social Contract Theory (ISCT)
- Interest Groups
- International Business Ethics
- International Tax Competitiveness Index
- Iron Triangles
- Issue Ads
- Laissez-Faire
- Legal Rights
- Liberalism
- Libertarianism
- Machiavellianism
- Majoritarianism
- Market Socialism
- Marxism
- Metallgesellschaft AG
- Mixed Economy
- Most Favored Nation Status
- Nationalization
- Neoconservatism
- Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)
- Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act (OTCA)
- Ozone Depletion
- Pluralism
- Political Legitimacy
- Political Risk
- Political Theory
- Politicization of Business
- Postmodernism
- Privatization
- Privatization of Public Goods
- Property Rights, Lockean
- Public Choice Theory
- Public Domain
- Public Interest
- Rational Choice Theory
- Rule of Law Index (World Justice Project)
- Single European Act (SEA)
- Slavery
- Social Contract Theory
- Social Engineering
- Social Movements
- Socialism
- Sovereign Immunity
- Statism
- Tax Havens
- Terrorism
- Trade
- Trusts
- United Nations Global Compact
- Wage-and-Price Controls
- Welfare State
- Worker Rights Consortium (WRC)
- World Economic Forum
- World Governance Indicators
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- Rights and Justice: Applications and Practice
- Affirmative Action
- Age Discrimination
- Animal Rights Movement
- Antitrust Laws
- Benefits, Employee
- Bottom of the Pyramid
- Business Ethics and Health Care
- Business Law
- Child Labor
- Coercion
- Collective Responsibility and Punishment
- Colonialism
- Common Law
- Commons, Tragedy of the
- Comparable Worth
- Compensatory Damages
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
- Consumer Fraud
- Consumer’s Bill of Rights
- Copyrights
- Cultural Imperialism
- Deterrence Theory
- Development Economics
- Digital Divide
- Divestment
- Due Process
- Economics and Ethics
- Eminent Domain
- Employee Rights Movement
- Employment Contracts
- Employment Discrimination
- Empowerment
- Equal Employment Opportunity
- Equal Opportunity
- Ethical Imperialism
- Exploitation
- Externalities
- Fraud
- Free Market
- Free Riders
- Free Speech in the Workplace
- Freedom House
- Freedom of Contract
- Gay Rights
- Gender Inequality and Discrimination
- Genetic Engineering
- Genetic Information in the Workplace
- Global Well-Being Index
- Globalization
- Google and Privacy
- Health Care, Right to
- Hostile Work Environment
- Human Flourishing
- Identity Theft
- Impartiality
- Income Distribution
- Index of Economic Freedom
- Individualism
- Information Technology and Privacy
- Insecurity
- Intellectual Property
- Job Security
- Liability Theory
- Liberalism
- Livable Cities
- Living Wage
- Majoritarianism
- Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic
- Market Power
- Minimum Wage
- Occupy Movement
- Pareto Efficiency
- Paternalism
- Patients’ Bill of Rights
- Patriarchy
- Piracy of Intellectual Property
- Plagiarism
- Pollution Externalities, Socially Efficient Regulation of
- Pollution Right
- Poverty
- Predatory Pricing and Trading
- Preferential Treatment
- Pretexting
- Price Discrimination
- Price-Fixing
- Pricing, Ethical Issues in
- Prisoner’s Dilemma
- Privacy
- Private Prisons, Ethical Issues Concerning
- Privatization
- Public Goods
- Punitive Damages
- Racial Discrimination
- Reciprocal Altruism
- Reciprocity
- Regressive Tax
- Religious Discrimination
- Rent Control
- Reverse Discrimination
- Right to Work
- Rule of Law Index (World Justice Project)
- Scientific Funding, Ethical Issues in
- Sexual Harassment
- Slavery
- Social Engineering
- Stakeholder Theory
- Subsidies
- Sweatshops
- Trademarks
- UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
- Usury
- Welfare State
- Women’s Movement
- Workplace Bullying
- Workplace Privacy
- Workplace Safety
- Rights and Justice: Thought and Theory
- Animal Rights
- Autonomy
- Capabilities Approach
- Capabilities Approach to Distributive Justice
- Capitalism
- Civil Rights
- Collectivism
- Commons, The
- Communism
- Communitarianism
- Contracts
- Cost–Benefit Analysis
- Egalitarianism
- Entitlements
- Equality
- Fairness
- Freedom and Liberty
- Gini Index
- Human Nature
- Human Rights
- Inequality
- Intergenerational Equity
- Just Price
- Just Wage
- Justice, Compensatory
- Justice, Distributive
- Justice, Environmental
- Justice, Restorative
- Justice, Retributive
- Justice, Theories of
- Legal Rights
- Libertarianism
- Marxism
- Meritocracy
- Neoconservatism
- Nozick’s Theory of Justice
- Political Theory
- Property Rights, Lockean
- Rawls’s Theory of Justice
- Redistribution of Wealth
- Rights, Theories of
- Self-Ownership
- Self-Realization
- Social Contract Theory
- Socialism
- Statism
- Welfare Economics
- Scandals, Failures, and Disasters
- Challenger Disaster
- Exxon Valdez
- Adelphia Communications
- Amaranth Advisors
- Antitrust Laws
- Archer Daniels Midland
- Arthur Andersen, LLP
- Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN)
- Automobile Recall Scandals
- Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI)
- Bankers Trust
- Barings Bank
- Bhopal
- Chernobyl
- Dalkon Shield
- Deepwater Horizon Disaster
- Dow Corning
- Enron Corporation
- Ethics and the Tobacco Industry
- Financial Crisis of 2008–2011
- Firestone Tires
- Ford Pinto
- Foxconn Technology Group
- Fukushima
- Global Crossing
- Grasso, Richard
- Hewlett-Packard
- Johns-Manville
- London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) Scandal
- London Whale, JPMorgan’s
- Long-Term Capital Management
- Love Canal
- Madoff Scandal
- Merck & Co.
- Metallgesellschaft AG
- MF Global
- Nike, Inc.
- Parmalat
- People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)
- Peregrine Financial Group (PFGBest)
- Ponzi Scheme
- Pretexting
- Rocky Flats
- Royal Ahold Company
- Scandals, Corporate
- Silkwood, Karen
- Société Générale
- Stewart, Martha
- Teapot Dome Scandal
- Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
- Tyco International
- Tylenol Tampering
- UBS (Union Bank of Switzerland)
- Vatican Bank
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