Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development

Elizabeth M.Dowling; W. GeorgeScarlett

doi:10.4135/9781412952477

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Islam, Founding Fathers of

Edited by:
Elizabeth M. Dowling
&
W. George Scarlett
In:Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development
Chapter DOI:https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952477
Subject:Lifespan & Developmental Psychology (general), Religion, the State & Social Movements

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The word caliph, from khalīfa in Arabic, means representative or steward. In the Qur'an the word is applied to Adam and to humankind in general, to refer to our responsibility and dominion over the earth and all God's creations. In the ...

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  Dowling, E. M., & Scarlett, W. G. (2006). Islam, founding fathers of. In Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development (pp. 220-222). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952477
  
  Dowling, Elizabeth M., and W. G. Scarlett. "Islam, Founding Fathers of." In Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development, edited by Dowling, Elizabeth M., and W. G. Scarlett, 220-22. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2006. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952477.
  
  Dowling, E. M. and Scarlett, W. G. 2006. Islam, Founding Fathers of. In: Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development. Elizabeth M. Dowling and W. G. Scarlett Editors, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 220-222 Available at: <https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952477> [Accessed 10 Dec 2023].
  
  Dowling, Elizabeth M. and W. G. Scarlett. "Islam, Founding Fathers of." Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development. Edited by Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2006, pp. 220-22. Sage Knowledge, doi: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952477.
  
  Dowling, Elizabeth M., and W. G. Scarlett. Islam, founding fathers of. In Encyclopedia of Religious and Spiritual Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.; 2006: 220-222. doi:10.4135/9781412952477
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