Hitler, Adolf (1889–1945)

ADOLF HITLER WAS the key figure of National Socialism (German Nazi fascism) beginning in 1920, fuehrer (leader, guide), and Reich chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945. He was responsible for the Holocaust and instigator of World War II in Europe. Being one of the most charismatic and murderous dictators, Hitler hoped to conquer the world and, for several years, dominated most of Europe and much of North Africa.

In spite of mediocre capabilities and a sickly nature, the young Hitler undoubtedly was an artistically minded person and was trained as a painter for a while. His theatricality was revealed later in the staginess of his political activities. His outlook was a blend of intentionally politicized reading of ancient German-Scandinavian legends, anti-Semitism, extravagant cultural exceptionism, social ...