- Entry
- Reader's guide
- Entries A-Z
- Subject index
Universals
A universal is a property, experience, or behavior that applies to all people in the world. Whether or not some aspect of music exists, either in practice or in theory, which is common to all human beings, is a contentious issue. ...
- Aesthetics and Emotion
- Action Tendencies
- Aesthetic Response
- Affect
- Arousal, Emotional
- Authenticity
- Belief
- Circular Tones
- Cues and Signals
- Emotion
- Emotional Contagion
- Emotions, Aesthetic
- Emotions, Mixed
- Emotions, Primary and Secondary
- Empathy
- Evaluative Conditioning
- Meaning
- Mood
- Music Preference
- Musical Semantics
- Nostalgia
- Personality
- Rating Scales
- Relativism, Cultural
- Repetition
- Sad Music, Psychological Implications of
- Schema
- Style
- Subjectivity
- Syntax
- Tension
- Violence and Aggression
- Business and Technology
- Access, Digital
- Advertising
- Affordance and Appropriation
- Algorithm
- Appraisal
- Arthouse
- Authorship
- Classification, Music Store
- Computer Music
- Consumerism
- Copyright Law
- Copyright, Defined
- Driving While Listening to Music
- Green Music Alliance
- Lyrics
- Marketing
- Music Journalism
- Musical Instrument Digital Interface
- Pay to Play
- Payola (Radio)
- Phonograph
- Royalties
- Sectors, Music Industry
- Song
- Songwriting as Profession
- Touring
- Workout Playlists and Portable Devices
- Communities and Society
- Algerian Raï
- Antiestablishment Music
- Antiwar Music
- Apartheid
- Attunement and Affiliation
- Bards
- Blind Musicians
- Campaigns
- Civil Rights, U.S.
- Database Studies
- Diplomacy
- Ecological Validity
- Enculturation
- Fascism
- Fight Songs
- Generation
- Historical Musicology
- Indigenous Music
- Mass Hysteria
- Music Collectives
- Oral Tradition
- Patriotism
- Poetry
- Political Music
- Protest
- Race
- Revolutions
- Social History
- Spirituals
- Terrorism
- Troubadour
- War Music
- World Music
- Culture and Environment
- Anthems
- Anthropology
- Bimusicality
- Bird Song
- Cantometrics
- Chords, Perception of
- Classics
- Community Music
- Country Music
- Cultural Heritage
- Cultural Identity
- Cultural Meaning of Gender, Music and
- Cultural Renaissance
- Dance
- Death
- Drugs, Recreational
- Ecomusicology
- Environmental Causes and Campaigns
- Ethnocentricity
- Ethnographic Studies
- Ethnomusicology and Ethnomusicologists
- Everyday Uses of Music
- Fans
- Fieldwork
- Folk Music
- Gender
- Globalization
- Habitus
- Human Behavior, Music as
- Hymns
- Identity
- Imagery
- Immigrant Communities
- Inspiration
- Intellectual History
- Marching Bands
- Men
- Music Culture
- Music Festivals
- Music Traditions, Continuing
- Nature, Music in
- Performativity
- Philosophy
- Popular Music
- Primitive Music
- Prosody
- Religion
- Rituals
- Rock Concerts
- Social Networking
- Sociology of Music
- Soundscape
- Sports
- Street Musicians
- Subcultures
- Theater
- Tone Language
- Trance
- Urban Music
- Weddings
- Whale Songs
- Whistled Speech
- Women
- World Soundscape Project
- Elements of Musical Examination
- Analogy, Metaphor, and Narrative
- Analysis by Synthesis
- Architectural Acoustics
- Atonality
- Auditory Stream Segregation: Applications
- Auditory Stream Segregation: Boundaries
- Auditory System
- Behavioral Measures
- Brain Stem
- Case Studies
- Categorical Perception
- Closed Systems
- Closure
- Cochlear Implant
- Computer Models of Music
- Computer-Aided Musical Analysis
- Consonance and Dissonance
- Continuous Response Measurement
- Converging Evidence
- Correlational Study
- Critical Band
- Distraction
- Empirical Musicology
- Feature
- Features, Independence and Interaction of
- Fourier Analysis
- Generative Theory of Tonal Music
- Gesture
- Harmonicity
- Harmony
- Hearing Damage
- High Fidelity
- Humor
- Illusion
- Imaging Techniques
- Information-Processing Paradigm
- Instruments
- Intentionality
- Interval
- Intonation
- Loudness and Intensity
- Melody Processing
- Mode
- Music, Definitions of
- Musical Meme
- Musical Research, Causal Effects in
- Nature–Nurture
- Noise Versus Music
- Observation Techniques, Ethnomusicology
- Pattern
- Pitch Perception
- Pitch Perception: Development
- Pitch, Absolute
- Pitch, Models of
- Pitch, Relative
- Post-Tonal Music
- Probe-Tone Method
- Protolanguage
- Recognition
- Resource Sharing, Music and Language
- Scale
- Silence
- Sound
- Sound Engineering
- Systematic Musicology
- Timbre
- Tonal Pitch Space
- Tonality
- Tone
- Tuning Systems
- Vibrato
- Evolutionary Psychology
- Media and Communication
- Musicianship and Expertise
- Achievement, Musical
- Anxiety, Performance
- Arranging
- Articulation
- Audience
- Automaticity
- Body Movements
- Competitions, Classical and Popular
- Composition
- Conducting
- Creativity, Theories of Musical
- Drumming
- Education, Music
- Elite Performance
- Ensemble Performance
- Expertise
- Expressivity
- Fame and Esteem
- Fingering
- Genius
- Giftedness and Talent
- Grouping
- Improvisation
- Intelligence
- Interpretation
- Large-Scale Structure
- Learning and Teaching
- Lessons, Music
- Motor Skill Acquisition
- Movement
- Music Analysis
- Musical Aptitude, Tests of
- Musicking
- Nonmusical Abilities
- Notation
- Originality, Measures of
- Ornamentation
- Performance
- Practice
- School Bands and Choirs
- Sight Reading
- Singing, Acoustics
- Singing, Pedagogy of
- Singing, Psychology of
- Statistical Learning
- Theory
- Training
- Voice and Musical Identity
- Voice Leading, Rules of
- Neuroscience
- Achievement, Academic
- Applied Musicology
- Arousal, Science of
- Attention
- Brain Specialization for Music
- Brain Waves
- Cognition and Learning, Childhood
- Cognitive Constraints
- Critical Period
- Entrainment
- Episodic Memory
- Facial Expression
- Fetal Development
- Genetic Basis of Music
- Hemispheric Asymmetry
- Hormones
- Immune System
- Melodic Intonation Therapy
- Mirror Neurons
- Modularity
- Motivation
- Mozart Effect
- Music Exposure, Short-Term Effects of
- Music Training, Long-Term Effects of
- Neural Network Models
- Neurotransmitters
- Parkinson's Disease
- Physiological Responses, Peripheral
- Plasticity
- Prodigy
- Psychoacoustics
- Psychoanalysis
- Second Language Acquisition
- Sleep
- Perception, Memory, and Cognition
- Accent
- Agency
- Auditory Stream Segregation: Applications
- Auditory Stream Segregation: Boundaries
- Background Music
- Circle of Fifths
- Complexity
- Decoding
- Dissociation
- Earworms
- Embodied Cognition
- Executive Function
- Expectancy
- Expressive Timing
- Feedback, Role of
- Fusion
- Gestalt
- Hierarchical Organization
- Implication–Realization
- Implicit Learning
- Individual Differences
- Memory
- Meter
- Modulation
- Multimodality
- Music Cognition
- Perception
- Priming
- Rhythm
- Roughness and Beats
- Semiotics
- Similarity, Melodic
- Structure
- Synaesthesia
- Tactus and Pulse
- Tempo
- Theory of Mind
- Timing
- Transfer Effects
- Politics, Economics, and Law
- Therapy, Health, and Well-Being
- Aging
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Belonging
- Cancer
- Communicative Musicality
- Cooperation
- Dementia
- Health and Wellness
- Health Care
- Health, Public
- Intimacy and Affiliation
- Language Disorders
- Meditation
- Mental Health
- Music Thanatology and Hospice Care
- Music Therapy
- Music Therapy Methods
- Music Therapy Models
- Musical Disorders
- Pain
- Prevention
- Rehabilitation
- Relaxation
- Rhythmic Auditory Entrainment
- Self-Esteem
- Social Bonding
- Social Exclusion
- Special Needs
- Speech Therapy
- Spirituality
- Stroke
- Suicide
- Synchronization
- Teamwork, Music Education and
- Trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Vibrotactile Devices for the Deaf
- Well-Being
- Workout Playlists and Portable Devices
182983- Loading...
Get a 30 day FREE TRIAL
-
Watch videos from a variety of sources bringing classroom topics to life -
Read modern, diverse business cases
-
Explore hundreds of books and reference titles
Add to list closeHave you created a personal profile? Login or create a profile so that you can save clips, playlists and searches
Read next in SAGE Reference
More like this in SAGE Knowledge
SAGE Recommends
We found other relevant content for you on other SAGE platforms.
link backcloseWant to try SAGE Knowledge first?Sign up for a free trial and experience all SAGE Knowledge has to offer.
start free 30 day trialYou must have a valid academic email address to sign up.
closeWith institutional access I can:Want to try SAGE Knowledge first?- View or download all content my institution has access to
Sign up for a free trial and experience all SAGE Knowledge has to offer.
start free 30 day trialYou must have a valid academic email address to sign up.
