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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome is one of a group of birth defects commonly grouped together as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), also known as fetal alcohol effects. These disorders include a range of effects that can occur or develop in individuals whose biological mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. These effects can include physical, mental, behavioral, and/or learning disabilities, with possible lifelong implications. The umbrella term FASD includes FAS, partial fetal alcohol syndrome (PFAS), alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD), and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND).
Causes and Symptoms of FASD
Alcohol use during pregnancy is the leading known preventable cause of mental retardation and birth defects in the United States. Because alcohol easily passes through the placental barrier and the fetus is less well equipped to physically process and eliminate alcohol ...
- History of Motherhood
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- Clytemnestra
- History of Motherhood: 1000 to 1500
- History of Motherhood: 1500 to 1750
- History of Motherhood: 1750 to 1900
- History of Motherhood: 1900 to Present
- History of Motherhood: 2000 B.C.E. to 1000 C.E.
- History of Motherhood: American
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- Issues in Motherhood
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- Abortion
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- Employment and Motherhood
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- Ethics of Care
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- Freud, Sigmund
- Girlhood and Motherhood
- Lone Mothers
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- Media, Mothers in
- Momism Generation of Vipers
- Motherhood Denied
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- Mothering Versus Motherhood
- Mothers' Pensions/Allowances
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- Myths of Motherhood: Good/Bad
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- Opt-Out Revolution
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- Race and Racism
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- Second Shift/Third Shift
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- Eugenics
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- Angel in the House
- Art and Mothering
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- Caribbean Mothers
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- Cultural Bearing
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- Dramatic Arts, Mothers in
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- Equatorial Guinea
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- European Union
- Fairy Tales, Mothers in
- Film, Mothers in
- First Nations
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- La Leche League
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- Mommy Blogs
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- Mother Country
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- Mothers Acting Up (MAU)
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- Mothers and More (MAM)
- Mothers Are Women (MAW)
- Mother's Day
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- Mothers of the Intifada
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- Museum of Motherhood
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- Future of Motherhood
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- Journal for the Association for Research on Mothering
- Maternal Abject (Kristeva)
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- Maternal Künstlerroman
- Maternal Mortality
- Maternal Pedogogy
- Maternal Subjectivities
- Maternal Thinking (Ruddick)
- Matricide
- Matrifocality
- Matrilineal
- Matrophobia
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- Mauritius
- Mother Outlaws (Group)
- Mother Outlaws (Rich)
- Mother/Daughter Plot (Hirsch)
- Motherhood Endowment (Rathbone)
- Motherself
- Nationalism and Motherhood
- New French Feminism and Motherhood
- Noncustodial Mother
- Paganism (New Paganism) and Mothering
- Patriarchal Ideology of Motherhood
- Philosophy and Motherhood
- Postcolonialism and Mothering
- Price of Motherhood (Crittenden)
- Psychoanalysis and Motherhood
- Psychology of Motherhood
- Scientific Motherhood
- Self-Identity
- Semiotic, Maternal (Kristeva)
- Sensitive Mothering (Walkerdine and Lucey)
- Social Construction of Motherhood
- Social Reproduction
- Transnationalism
- Waring, Marilyn
- Warner, Judith (Motherhood Religion)
- Prominent Mothers
- Adams, Abigail (Smith)
- Allende, Isabel
- Atwood, Margaret
- Benjamin, Jessica
- Bernard, Jesse
- Blakely, Mary Kay
- Bombeck, Erma
- Brooks, Gwendeolyn
- Buchanan, Andrea
- Bush, Barbara
- Caplan, Paula J.
- Chodorow, Nancy
- Cisneros, Sandra
- Clifton, Lucille
- Clinton, Hillary Rodham
- Collins, Patricia Hill
- Columbus, Christopher, Mother of
- Crittenden, Ann
- Da Vinci, Leonardo, Mother of
- Danticat, Edwidge
- de Beauvoir, Simone
- de Marneffe, Daphne
- Demeter, Goddess
- Dinnerstein, Dorothy
- DiQuinzio, Patrice
- Dove, Rita
- Edelman, Hope
- Edison, Thomas, Mother of
- Einstein, Albert, Mother of
- Eleanor of Aquitaine
- Elizabeth, “Queen Mum”
- Emecheta, Buchi
- Empress Matilda
- Erdrich, Louise
- Firestone, Shulamith
- Forcey, Linda Rennie
- Fox, Faulkner
- Freud, Sigmund, Mother of
- Friedan, Betty
- Gilman, Charlotte Perkins
- Gore, Ariel
- Harper, Frances E.W.
- Hays, Sharon
- Hemings, Sally
- Hitler, Adolf, Mother of
- Hochschild, Arlie Russell
- Hong Kingston, Maxine
- hooks, bell
- Hrdy, Sara Blaffer
- Jackson, Marni
- Jacobs, Harriet
- Jarvis, Anna
- Jefferson, Thomas, Mother of
- Johnson, Miriam
- Kennedy Onassis, Jacqueline
- Kincaid, Jamaica
- Kristeva, Julia
- Kumin, Maxine Winokur
- Lamott, Annie
- Laurence, Margaret
- Lazarre, Jane
- Lessing, Doris
- Lewin, Ellen
- Lincoln, Abraham, Mother of
- Lindbergh, Anne Morrow
- Lorde, Audre
- Mary, Queen of Scots
- Maushart, Susan
- Mead, Margaret
- Mink, Gwendolyn
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- Morrison, Toni
- Mother Teresa of Calcutta
- Oakley, Ann
- Obama, Michelle
- O'Brien, Mary
- Olds, Sharon
- Olson, Tillie
- Ostriker, Alicia
- Paley, Grace Goodrich
- Palin, Sarah
- Parks, Rosa
- Pearson, Allison
- Plath, Sylvia
- Pollack, Sandra
- Pratt, Minnie Bruce
- Reagan, Nancy
- Rich, Adrienne
- Roberts, Dorothy
- Ross, Loretta
- Rothman, Barbara Katz
- Ruddick, Sara
- Sanger, Margaret
- Sexton, Anne
- Sheehan, Cindy
- Shelly, Mary
- Shriver, Lionel
- Solinger, Rickie
- Spencer, Anna Garlin
- Stalin, Joseph, Mother of
- Stanton, Elizabeth Cady
- Stone, Lucy
- Suleiman, Susan Rubin
- Tan, Amy
- Thurer, Shari
- Waldman, Ayelet
- Walker, Alice
- Warner, Judith
- Washington, George, Mother of
- Wollstonecraft, Mary
- Womanism
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