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Marathon Running and Immune Response
Studies show that many components of the immune system exhibit changes after marathon-type exertion, specifically the blood natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. This may increase the risk of infection. Except for carbohydrate beverages, nutritional supplements do not appear to have an effect on exertion-induced immune suppression, but other commonsense measures, such as eating a well-balanced diet and getting regular sleep, do have a positive effect.
Exercise Immunology
One of the earliest studies in exercise immunology, published in 1902, reported a large increase in blood neutrophils in 4 athletes who ran the 1901 Boston Marathon. Researchers observed that the exertion had gone far beyond the physiological limits and that changes in the white blood cell differential counts paralleled those seen in certain diseased and inflammatory conditions.
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- Aging
- Aerobic Capacity and Aging
- Aging and Immune Dysfunction
- Alzheimer's Disease
- Diet and Diseases of Aging
- Diet and Longevity
- Drug Interactions and Functional Status in Older Adults
- Elder Abuse
- End-of-Life Issues
- Flexibility and Flexibility Training
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Meaning and Health in Older Adults
- Memory Fitness
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- Nutrition for Older Adults
- Older Americans Act (1965)
- Osteoarthritis: Lifestyle Management
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- Motivational Interviewing
- Pain, Pain Perception, and Behavior
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- Diet, Nutrition, and Cardiovascular Disease
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- Plant Sterols and Plant Sterol Esters
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- Anxiety, Depression, and Chronic Disease
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- Breast Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
- Cancer Screening and Prevention
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
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- Chronic Disease and Contributing Lifestyle Behaviors, Epidemiology of
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- Colon Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
- Diabetes Mellitus and Lifestyle
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, and Visceral Adiposity
- Diet and Diseases of Aging
- Diet and HIV
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- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
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- Headache, Tension-Type: Lifestyle and Pharmacotherapy Interventions
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- HIV: Role of Exercise in Promoting Health
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- Myocardial Ischemia (Angina), Infarction (Heart Attack), and Lifestyle
- Nutrition and Cancer
- Oral Health and Nutrition
- Osteoarthritis: Lifestyle Management
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- Oxidative Stress
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- Prostate Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
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- Sleep
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- Stress, Theory and Physiology of
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- Concepts in Lifestyle Medicine
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- Culture, Evolution, and Obesity
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- Life Course: Concepts
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- Medicalization of Lifestyle Health Issues
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- Social Support, Relationships, and Health
- Stress, Theory and Physiology of
- Traditional Medical Systems: Origin and Global Spread
- Epidemiology and Demographics of Lifestyle-Related Health Issues
- Alcohol and Injury
- Alcohol Use and Abuse, Epidemiology of
- Bias in Epidemiologic Studies
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- Cell Phone Use and Driving
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Chronic Disease and Contributing Lifestyle Behaviors, Epidemiology of
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- Elder Abuse
- Family History
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Injuries in Children, Unintentional
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- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Intimate Partner Violence
- Psychosocial Influences on Physical Activity and Exercise
- Tobacco Use and Disease, Epidemiology of
- Violence Against Children
- Exercise Physiology
- Adipose Tissue
- Aerobic Training
- Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Response to Exercise
- Athletic Staleness Syndrome
- Blood Pressure Response to Exercise
- Body Composition in Exercise Physiology
- Body Temperature and Exercise
- Cardiovascular Fitness: Maximal Oxygen Intake Measurement and Its Significance
- Cardiovascular Response to Exercise Training
- Cold and Exercise
- Detraining
- Eating Before Competition
- Endurance Training
- Exercise and Drug Interactions
- Exercise and Immune Function in Children and Adolescents
- Exercise Prescription
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Gender Differences in Exercise Responses
- Genes and Responses to Exercise
- Humidity and Exercise
- Hydration and Exercise
- J-Curve Model of Infection and Exercise
- Marathon Running and Immune Response
- Muscle Endurance and Strength: Exercises and Measurement
- Natural Killer-Cell Activity and Exercise
- Obesity, Lifestyle Management of
- Osteoporosis and Strength Training
- Overload Principle in Physical Therapy
- Physical Activity and Blood Lipids
- Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Activity, Fatigue, and Vigor
- Reactive Oxygen Species: Effect of Diet and Exercise on Oxidation
- Recreational Activity, Dietary Intake, and Weight Management
- Reserve Capacity
- Resistance Training
- Resistance Training and Immune Response
- Resting Energy Expenditure
- Salivary IgA Response to Exercise
- Walking and Health
- Water Exercise
- Exercise-Related Injuries
- Food and Nutrition
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans
- Adolescent Nutrition
- Amino Acids in Nutrition and Metabolism
- Antioxidants
- Beef
- Breakfast and Health
- Caloric Intake and Health
- Cereals, Breakfast
- Cheeses
- Chewing Gum
- Chicken and Poultry
- Cholesterol, Dyslipidemia, and Lifestyle
- Dairy Products
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Diet and Longevity
- Diet, Nutrition, and Cardiovascular Disease
- Dietary Reference Intakes
- Eggs
- Environmental Contaminants in Foods
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- Folate
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- Food Marketing Programs
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- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
- Fructose
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- Fruits in Balanced Nutrition
- Fuels for Exercise
- Glycemic Index of Foods and Chronic Disease
- Grains, Whole and Refined
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- Nutrition and Cancer
- Nutrition and Epigenetics
- Nutrition Communications
- Nutrition for Children
- Nutrition for Infants and Toddlers
- Nutrition for Older Adults
- Nutrition in Emerging Adulthood
- Nutrition Labeling and Daily Values
- Nutrition Recommendations and Pregnancy
- Nutrition, Links to the Immune System
- Nutritional Countermeasures to Immune Dysfunction
- Nuts
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- Organic Foods
- Phytochemicals
- Plant Sterols and Plant Sterol Esters
- Portion Control
- Salt
- School Meals
- Snacks
- Soft Drinks and Sugared Beverages
- Starvation
- Vegan Diets
- Vegetable Oils
- Vegetables
- Vegetarian Diets
- Vitamins C and E, Immunity, and Exercise
- Health Policy, Public Health, and Health Education
- Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (ACSM)
- Adherence
- Augmentative and Alternative Communication
- Built Environment and Health
- Cancer Screening and Prevention
- Car Safety for Infants and Children
- Cell Phone Use and Driving
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Community Prevention Programs
- Consumer Media: Coverage of Nutritional Information and Issues
- Cough and Cold Products
- Diet and HIV
- Dietary Reference Intakes
- Disabilities, Health Promotion for People With
- Elder Abuse
- Environmental Contaminants in Foods
- Environmental Exposures and Human Health
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Food Marketing Programs
- Food Safety
- Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
- Health Communication
- Health Literacy
- Health Promotion in Latinos
- Mobility and Health
- Multidimensional Functional Assessment
- Nutrition Communications
- Nutrition Education
- Nutrition for Children
- Nutrition Labeling and Daily Values
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
- Obesity Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents
- Obesity, Lifestyle Management of
- Older Americans Act (1965)
- Oral Health and Nutrition
- Over-the-Counter Products, Issues in Use of
- Physical Activity Guidelines and Recommendations
- Physical Activity, Promoting in African Americans
- Physical Education
- Preventing Traffic Injuries
- Social Marketing in Health Promotion
- Violence Against Children
- Volunteerism: Role in Health
- Worksite Health Promotion and Interventions
- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases
- Anxiety, Depression, and Chronic Disease
- Athlete's Foot
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
- Carbohydrate Intake and Immunity
- Cold Sore
- Exercise and Immune Function in Children and Adolescents
- Exercise Immunology: Mechanisms of Action
- Exercise, Heavy Exertion, and Immune Dysfunction
- Food Allergy
- HIV: Role of Exercise in Promoting Health
- Immunology and Lifestyle Medicine
- Infectious Diseases and Lifestyle Medicine
- J-Curve Model of Infection and Exercise
- Marathon Running and Immune Response
- Natural Killer-Cell Activity and Exercise
- Nutrition, Links to the Immune System
- Nutritional Countermeasures to Immune Dysfunction
- Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus)
- Oxidative Stress
- Resistance Training and Immune Response
- Salivary IgA Response to Exercise
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Women
- Skin Disorders: Prevention and Treatment
- Sleep Deprivation and Immunity
- Stress, Immune Dysfunction, and Health
- Vaccines, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity in Adults
- Vaccines, Infectious Diseases, and Immunity in Children
- Vaccines, Travel
- Vitamins C and E, Immunity, and Exercise
- Internal Medicine
- Men's Health
- Obesity and Weight Management
- Bariatric Surgery in Obesity Treatment
- Culture, Evolution, and Obesity
- Energy Metabolism and Thermogenesis in Human Obesity
- Mediterranean Diet
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
- Obesity in Adolescents
- Obesity in Children
- Obesity Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents
- Obesity, Lifestyle Management of
- Obesity, Management in Primary Care
- Obesity, the Brain, and Cognitive Function
- Recreational Activity, Dietary Intake, and Weight Management
- Weight Loss Diets and Programs, Efficacy of
- Weight Management in Children and Adolescents
- Pain Management
- Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine
- Adolescent Nutrition
- Advertising, Branding, and Pediatric Nutrition
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Cognitive Function and Physical Activity in Children
- Eating Disorders in Adolescents
- Exercise and Immune Function in Children and Adolescents
- Exercise in Children and Risks of Adult Chronic Disease
- Fitness in Children, Development of
- Metabolic Syndrome in Youth and Physical Activity
- Nutrition for Children
- Nutrition for Infants and Toddlers
- Nutrition in Emerging Adulthood
- Obesity in Adolescents
- Obesity in Children
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Education
- Pregnancy in Adolescents: Lifestyle Management for Health
- Smoking and Youth
- Violence Against Children
- Weight Management in Children and Adolescents
- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
- Physical Activity and Inactivity
- Addiction to Physical Activity
- Balance Exercises
- Balance, Coordination, and Gait
- Body Composition: Measurement Techniques
- Bone Health, Contribution of Physical Activity
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
- Disabilities, Health Promotion for People With
- Exercise and Drug Interactions
- Exercise and Mental Health
- Exercise Prescription
- Exercise When Sick
- Exercise, Heavy Exertion, and Immune Dysfunction
- Flexibility and Flexibility Training
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Mechanisms of Change and Adherence in Physical Activity and Exercise
- Metabolic Syndrome and Diet
- Metabolic Syndrome in Youth and Physical Activity
- Mobility and Health
- Musculoskeletal Fitness
- Physical Activity and Blood Lipids
- Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
- Physical Activity and Diabetes
- Physical Activity and Disability
- Physical Activity and Emotional Health
- Physical Activity and Exercise for Older Adults
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life
- Physical Activity Guidelines and Recommendations
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Activity Risks
- Physical Activity, Barriers to
- Physical Activity, Exercise, and Depression
- Physical Activity, Fatigue, and Vigor
- Physical Activity, Promoting in African Americans
- Physical Activity, Purposeful
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Self-Esteem
- Pregnancy, Fetal Health, and Lifestyle Issues
- Psychosocial Influences on Physical Activity and Exercise
- Range of Motion
- Recreational Activity, Dietary Intake, and Weight Management
- Sedentary Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Disease
- Sleep
- Walking and Health
- Water Exercise
- Physical Therapy
- Preventive Medicine
- Cancer, Behavior, Diet, and Exercise, Epidemiology of
- Car Safety for Infants and Children
- Cell Phone Use and Driving
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Dental Health and Preventive Care
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Elder Abuse
- Exercise Prescription
- Health Promotion in Latinos
- Home Injuries, Preventing
- Injury Prevention in Exercise and Sport
- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Intimate Partner Violence
- Physical Education
- Phytochemicals
- Preventing Traffic Injuries
- Skin Disorders: Prevention and Treatment
- Violence Against Children
- Walking and Health
- Women's Health and Lifestyle
- Worksite Health Promotion and Interventions
- Substance use and Abuse
- Addiction
- Alcohol and Injury
- Alcohol Use and Abuse in Women
- Alcohol Use in Adolescents
- Alcohol Use, Abuse, and Dependence
- Caffeine
- Cravings for Alcohol During Recovery
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Hallucinogens
- Inhalant Abuse
- Narcotics, Opiates, and Opioids
- Over-the-Counter Products, Issues in Use of
- Psychoactive Drugs
- Smoking and Youth
- Smoking Cessation Therapies and Programs
- Tobacco and Nicotine Dependence
- Tobacco Use and Disease, Epidemiology of
- Tobacco, Smokeless
- Women's Health
- Alcohol Use and Abuse in Women
- Angina, Angina Pectoris, and Chest Pain Syndromes in Women
- Breast Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
- Breastfeeding and Lactation
- Cardiovascular Health in Women
- Cervicitis
- Fibromyalgia
- Hormone Therapy
- Hot Flashes
- Nutrition Recommendations and Pregnancy
- Pregnancy in Adolescents: Lifestyle Management for Health
- Pregnancy, Fetal Health, and Lifestyle Issues
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Women
- Vaginal Health, Impact of Lifestyle Behaviors on
- Water Exercise
- Women's Health and Lifestyle
- Women's Health Initiative
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