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Eating Before Competition
Athletes, coaches, and trainers always ask what should be eaten before a sporting competition. Gone are the days when the pregame meal contained a fatty steak and french fried potatoes—sports nutrition research has elucidated the need for various nutrients before exercise, as well as the importance of timing of food and fluid consumption in the hours leading up to physical activity. This entry reviews what and when to eat and drink prior to an athletic event.
The Pregame Meal
The goals of eating before competition include providing fuel for muscles (especially when the event is longer than 1 hour), providing fluids for hydration, relieving the feeling of hunger, and preventing gastrointestinal distress. A mixed meal of carbohydrate, protein, and fat takes 3 to 4 hours to be ...
- Aging
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- Alzheimer's Disease
- Diet and Diseases of Aging
- Diet and Longevity
- Drug Interactions and Functional Status in Older Adults
- Elder Abuse
- End-of-Life Issues
- Flexibility and Flexibility Training
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Meaning and Health in Older Adults
- Memory Fitness
- Mobility and Health
- Nutrition for Older Adults
- Older Americans Act (1965)
- Osteoarthritis: Lifestyle Management
- Osteoporosis and Strength Training
- Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
- Physical Activity and Exercise for Older Adults
- Sarcopenia in Older Adults
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- Health Behaviors, Motivations and Barriers to Change in Older Adults
- Imagery in Sport Performance
- Mechanisms of Change and Adherence in Physical Activity and Exercise
- Motivational Interviewing
- Pain, Pain Perception, and Behavior
- Psychosocial Influences on Physical Activity and Exercise
- Religion, Health Benefits of
- Sleep
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- Stress, Immune Dysfunction, and Health
- Stress, Theory and Physiology of
- Volunteerism: Role in Health
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- Cardiovascular Fitness: Maximal Oxygen Intake Measurement and Its Significance
- Cardiovascular Health in Women
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- Cardiovascular Response to Exercise Training
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- Diet, Nutrition, and Cardiovascular Disease
- Exercise Prescription
- Exercise Testing in Cardiovascular Disease
- Heart Rate Training Methods and Monitoring
- Hypertension: Lifestyle in Etiology, Prevention, and Management
- Plant Sterols and Plant Sterol Esters
- Sedentary Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Disease
- Statins
- Warfarin
- Water Exercise
- Chronic Disease, Disease Prevention, and Lifestyle Behaviors
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Anxiety, Depression, and Chronic Disease
- Arthralgia
- Asthma
- Breast Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
- Cancer Screening and Prevention
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
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- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Coagulation Disorders
- Cold Sore
- Colon Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
- Diabetes Mellitus and Lifestyle
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, and Visceral Adiposity
- Diet and Diseases of Aging
- Diet and HIV
- Exercise and the Common Cold
- Exercise in Children and Risks of Adult Chronic Disease
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- Genetics, Lifestyle, and Chronic Disease
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- Headache, Tension-Type: Lifestyle and Pharmacotherapy Interventions
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- HIV: Role of Exercise in Promoting Health
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- Lung Cancer: Lifestyle Factors in Risk, Prevention, and Treatment
- Musculoskeletal Fitness
- Myocardial Ischemia (Angina), Infarction (Heart Attack), and Lifestyle
- Nutrition and Cancer
- Oral Health and Nutrition
- Osteoarthritis: Lifestyle Management
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- Oxidative Stress
- Physical Activity, Barriers to
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- Sleep
- Stress, Immune Dysfunction, and Health
- Stress, Theory and Physiology of
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- Concepts in Lifestyle Medicine
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- Culture, Evolution, and Obesity
- Health Literacy
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- Life Course: Concepts
- Lifestyle Medicine: History and Overview
- Medicalization of Lifestyle Health Issues
- Multidimensional Functional Assessment
- Social Support, Relationships, and Health
- Stress, Theory and Physiology of
- Traditional Medical Systems: Origin and Global Spread
- Epidemiology and Demographics of Lifestyle-Related Health Issues
- Alcohol and Injury
- Alcohol Use and Abuse, Epidemiology of
- Bias in Epidemiologic Studies
- Cancer, Behavior, Diet, and Exercise, Epidemiology of
- Cell Phone Use and Driving
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- Chronic Disease and Contributing Lifestyle Behaviors, Epidemiology of
- Drug Abuse, Epidemiology of
- Elder Abuse
- Family History
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- Injuries, Unintentional, Epidemiology of
- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Intimate Partner Violence
- Psychosocial Influences on Physical Activity and Exercise
- Tobacco Use and Disease, Epidemiology of
- Violence Against Children
- Exercise Physiology
- Adipose Tissue
- Aerobic Training
- Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Response to Exercise
- Athletic Staleness Syndrome
- Blood Pressure Response to Exercise
- Body Composition in Exercise Physiology
- Body Temperature and Exercise
- Cardiovascular Fitness: Maximal Oxygen Intake Measurement and Its Significance
- Cardiovascular Response to Exercise Training
- Cold and Exercise
- Detraining
- Eating Before Competition
- Endurance Training
- Exercise and Drug Interactions
- Exercise and Immune Function in Children and Adolescents
- Exercise Prescription
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Gender Differences in Exercise Responses
- Genes and Responses to Exercise
- Humidity and Exercise
- Hydration and Exercise
- J-Curve Model of Infection and Exercise
- Marathon Running and Immune Response
- Muscle Endurance and Strength: Exercises and Measurement
- Natural Killer-Cell Activity and Exercise
- Obesity, Lifestyle Management of
- Osteoporosis and Strength Training
- Overload Principle in Physical Therapy
- Physical Activity and Blood Lipids
- Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Activity, Fatigue, and Vigor
- Reactive Oxygen Species: Effect of Diet and Exercise on Oxidation
- Recreational Activity, Dietary Intake, and Weight Management
- Reserve Capacity
- Resistance Training
- Resistance Training and Immune Response
- Resting Energy Expenditure
- Salivary IgA Response to Exercise
- Walking and Health
- Water Exercise
- Exercise-Related Injuries
- Food and Nutrition
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans
- Adolescent Nutrition
- Amino Acids in Nutrition and Metabolism
- Antioxidants
- Beef
- Breakfast and Health
- Caloric Intake and Health
- Cereals, Breakfast
- Cheeses
- Chewing Gum
- Chicken and Poultry
- Cholesterol, Dyslipidemia, and Lifestyle
- Dairy Products
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Diet and Longevity
- Diet, Nutrition, and Cardiovascular Disease
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- Fiber in Food
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- Nutrition Communications
- Nutrition for Children
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- Nutrition in Emerging Adulthood
- Nutrition Labeling and Daily Values
- Nutrition Recommendations and Pregnancy
- Nutrition, Links to the Immune System
- Nutritional Countermeasures to Immune Dysfunction
- Nuts
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- Organic Foods
- Phytochemicals
- Plant Sterols and Plant Sterol Esters
- Portion Control
- Salt
- School Meals
- Snacks
- Soft Drinks and Sugared Beverages
- Starvation
- Vegan Diets
- Vegetable Oils
- Vegetables
- Vegetarian Diets
- Vitamins C and E, Immunity, and Exercise
- Health Policy, Public Health, and Health Education
- Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (ACSM)
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- Augmentative and Alternative Communication
- Built Environment and Health
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- Cell Phone Use and Driving
- Child Abuse and Neglect
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- Health Promotion in Latinos
- Mobility and Health
- Multidimensional Functional Assessment
- Nutrition Communications
- Nutrition Education
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- Nutrition Labeling and Daily Values
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- Obesity Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents
- Obesity, Lifestyle Management of
- Older Americans Act (1965)
- Oral Health and Nutrition
- Over-the-Counter Products, Issues in Use of
- Physical Activity Guidelines and Recommendations
- Physical Activity, Promoting in African Americans
- Physical Education
- Preventing Traffic Injuries
- Social Marketing in Health Promotion
- Violence Against Children
- Volunteerism: Role in Health
- Worksite Health Promotion and Interventions
- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases
- Anxiety, Depression, and Chronic Disease
- Athlete's Foot
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
- Carbohydrate Intake and Immunity
- Cold Sore
- Exercise and Immune Function in Children and Adolescents
- Exercise Immunology: Mechanisms of Action
- Exercise, Heavy Exertion, and Immune Dysfunction
- Food Allergy
- HIV: Role of Exercise in Promoting Health
- Immunology and Lifestyle Medicine
- Infectious Diseases and Lifestyle Medicine
- J-Curve Model of Infection and Exercise
- Marathon Running and Immune Response
- Natural Killer-Cell Activity and Exercise
- Nutrition, Links to the Immune System
- Nutritional Countermeasures to Immune Dysfunction
- Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus)
- Oxidative Stress
- Resistance Training and Immune Response
- Salivary IgA Response to Exercise
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Women
- Skin Disorders: Prevention and Treatment
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- Stress, Immune Dysfunction, and Health
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- Exercise in Children and Risks of Adult Chronic Disease
- Fitness in Children, Development of
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- Nutrition for Children
- Nutrition for Infants and Toddlers
- Nutrition in Emerging Adulthood
- Obesity in Adolescents
- Obesity in Children
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Education
- Pregnancy in Adolescents: Lifestyle Management for Health
- Smoking and Youth
- Violence Against Children
- Weight Management in Children and Adolescents
- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
- Physical Activity and Inactivity
- Addiction to Physical Activity
- Balance Exercises
- Balance, Coordination, and Gait
- Body Composition: Measurement Techniques
- Bone Health, Contribution of Physical Activity
- Cancer, Exercise, and Immunity
- Disabilities, Health Promotion for People With
- Exercise and Drug Interactions
- Exercise and Mental Health
- Exercise Prescription
- Exercise When Sick
- Exercise, Heavy Exertion, and Immune Dysfunction
- Flexibility and Flexibility Training
- Functional Fitness Exercise
- Mechanisms of Change and Adherence in Physical Activity and Exercise
- Metabolic Syndrome and Diet
- Metabolic Syndrome in Youth and Physical Activity
- Mobility and Health
- Musculoskeletal Fitness
- Physical Activity and Blood Lipids
- Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning
- Physical Activity and Diabetes
- Physical Activity and Disability
- Physical Activity and Emotional Health
- Physical Activity and Exercise for Older Adults
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life
- Physical Activity Guidelines and Recommendations
- Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents, Measurements of
- Physical Activity Risks
- Physical Activity, Barriers to
- Physical Activity, Exercise, and Depression
- Physical Activity, Fatigue, and Vigor
- Physical Activity, Promoting in African Americans
- Physical Activity, Purposeful
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Self-Esteem
- Pregnancy, Fetal Health, and Lifestyle Issues
- Psychosocial Influences on Physical Activity and Exercise
- Range of Motion
- Recreational Activity, Dietary Intake, and Weight Management
- Sedentary Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Disease
- Sleep
- Walking and Health
- Water Exercise
- Physical Therapy
- Preventive Medicine
- Cancer, Behavior, Diet, and Exercise, Epidemiology of
- Car Safety for Infants and Children
- Cell Phone Use and Driving
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Dental Health and Preventive Care
- Diabetes, Diet and Nutrition in Prevention and Management of
- Elder Abuse
- Exercise Prescription
- Health Promotion in Latinos
- Home Injuries, Preventing
- Injury Prevention in Exercise and Sport
- Injury Prevention in Older Adults
- Intimate Partner Violence
- Physical Education
- Phytochemicals
- Preventing Traffic Injuries
- Skin Disorders: Prevention and Treatment
- Violence Against Children
- Walking and Health
- Women's Health and Lifestyle
- Worksite Health Promotion and Interventions
- Substance use and Abuse
- Addiction
- Alcohol and Injury
- Alcohol Use and Abuse in Women
- Alcohol Use in Adolescents
- Alcohol Use, Abuse, and Dependence
- Caffeine
- Cravings for Alcohol During Recovery
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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- Over-the-Counter Products, Issues in Use of
- Psychoactive Drugs
- Smoking and Youth
- Smoking Cessation Therapies and Programs
- Tobacco and Nicotine Dependence
- Tobacco Use and Disease, Epidemiology of
- Tobacco, Smokeless
- Women's Health
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- Breast Cancer: Lifestyle in Prevention and Treatment
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- Water Exercise
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- Women's Health Initiative
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