Emerging technologies, ranging from genetic testing to data mining to online social networking, have given rise to privacy concerns that affect not only students but society generally. With millions of students using sites such as Facebook and MySpace, the boundaries between public and private have shifted. As privacy is redefined in the light of scientific innovations, college students may look to several sources to assert their privacy rights, including federal and state constitutions, federal and state statutes, and the common law. This entry reviews the constitutional rights, legislation, and common law that provide the foundation for privacy claims that relate to issues of students at institutions of higher education.