The Kyoto Protocol is a set of rules establishing emissions reduction as a part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC). The UNFCCC is an international treaty designed to organize, standardize, and fund global efforts to minimize the harm of climate change, especially through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The treaty was developed at the 1992 Earth Summit and now has nearly 200 countries as signatories. However, the treaty itself, though legally binding and in force, did not stipulate specific requirements for its signatories to hasten negotiations over the framework of the treaty and allow room for the summit's other business. Instead, such specifics are left to the protocols that are negotiated and adopted at subsequent COPs (Conferences of Parties),

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