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Urban Planning
Although cities have always to some extent been planned, the modern profession of urban planning emerged during the 20th century in response to deteriorating conditions of contemporary industrial cities and to the dramatic transformations brought about by rapid urbanization. Planning encompasses a wide range of city-making processes and functions, including land use decision making, policy guidance, economic development, and neighborhood revitalization. It seeks to plan cities in such a way as to reconcile the goals of economic development, social justice, and environmental protection.
However, as it evolved from its early design orientation as architecture writ large to its later conceptualization as a generic methodology of rational public decision making, urban planning has become increasingly controversial, both within and without the profession. Critical planning theorists recognize that ...
- Politics and Ecology
- Politics and People
- Politics Challenges
- Acid Rain
- Afforestation
- Anti-Toxics Movement
- Appropriate Technology
- Biodiversity
- Decentralization
- Deforestation
- Domination of Nature
- Endocrine Disrupters
- Environmental Justice
- Environmental Management
- Equity
- Future Generations
- Global Climate Change
- Globalization
- Groundwater
- Industrial Revolution
- Innovation, Environmental
- Kuznets Curve
- Limits to Growth
- Malthusianism
- Megacities
- Millennium Development Goals
- Nonviolence
- North–South Issues
- Nuclear Politics
- PCBs
- Precautionary Principle
- Regulatory Approaches
- Resource Curse
- Revolving Door
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Society
- Silent Spring
- Structural Adjustment
- Suburban Sprawl
- Sustainable Development
- Technology
- Toxics Release Inventory
- Tragedy of the Commons
- Transportation
- Uncertainty
- Urban Planning
- Wetlands
- Wilderness
- Agenda 21
- Bhopal
- Brundtland Commission
- Bureau of Land Management, U.S.
- Clean Air Act
- Clean Water Act
- Club of Rome
- Copenhagen Summit
- Corporate Responsibility
- Department of Energy, U.S.
- Endangered Species Act
- Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations
- Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.
- Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S.
- Forest Service, U.S.
- Institutions
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- Kyoto Protocol
- Land Ethic
- Marine Mammal Protection Act
- Montreal Protocol
- NIMBY
- North American Free Trade Agreement Organizations
- Sagebrush Rebellion
- Stockholm Convention
- Transnational Advocacy Organizations
- Wise Use Movement
- World Trade Organization
- Politics Parties, Systems, and Economics
- Anarchism
- Basel Convention
- Biophilia
- Capitalism
- Citizen Juries
- Commodification
- Common Property Theory
- Conservation Enclosures
- Conservation Movement
- Consumer Politics
- Convention on Biodiversity
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Death of Environmentalism
- Democratic Party
- Ecocapitalism
- Ecofascism
- Ecosocialism
- Environmental Movement
- Federalism
- Gaia Hypothesis
- Gender
- Governmentality
- Green Discourse
- Green Neoliberalism
- Green Parties
- Green Washing
- International Whaling Commission
- Intrinsic Value
- Iron Triangle
- Participatory Democracy
- Petro-Capitalism
- Policy Process
- Political Ideology
- Politics of Scale
- Postmaterialism
- Power
- Pragmatism
- Skeptical Environmentalism
- Steady State Economy
- Transnational Capitalist Class
- UN Conference on Environment and Development
- UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
- Utilitarianism
- Water Politics
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