Biological weapons are infectious agents, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, biochemical toxins, and biomolecules (e.g., potentially prions) that can cause extreme morbidity and mortality in plants, animals, and humans when they are intentionally disseminated to induce terror (bioterrorism) and/or related mass casualties under conditions of civil unrest or military campaigns. Biological agents can also be a threat for the environment. This is an important issue for global public health that should be considered in the new perspectives of a more ecological green world in which such environmental threats should be significantly reduced or eliminated.

Historical Development

The development of biological weapons and bioterrorism is not new. In the last 50 years, they have increased in importance as threats to global public health, particularly after the anthrax ...

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